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We think of Metis as having Prairie roots. Quebec doesn't recognize
a historical Metis community, and the Metis National Council
contests the existence of any Metis east of Ontario. Quebec
residents who seek recognition as Metis under the Canadian
Constitution therefore face an uphill legal and political battle.
Who is right? Bois-Brules examines archival and ethnographic
evidence to challenge two powerful nationalisms - Metis and
Quebecois - that interpret Metis identity in the province as
"race-shifting." This controversial work, previously available only
in French, conclusively demonstrates that a Metis community emerged
in early-nineteenth-century Quebec and can be traced all the way to
today.
In Eastern Metis, Michel Bouchard, Sebastien Malette, and Siomonn
Pulla demonstrate the historical and social evidence for the
origins and continued existence of Metis communities across
Ontario, Quebec, and the Canadian Maritimes as well as the West.
Contributors to this edited collection explore archival and
historical records that challenge narratives which exclude the
possibility of Metis communities and identities in central and
eastern Canada. Taking a continental rhizomatic approach, this book
provides a rich and nuanced view of what it means to be Metis.
Derided as being fake, race-shifting, cultural appropriators,
Eastern Metis demonstrates the historical and social evidence for
the origins and continued existence of Metis communities across
Ontario and the Canadian Maritimes as well as the West. The authors
in this volume explore the archival and historical record that
challenges dominant nationalist tropes of all stripes, narratives
which exclude the very possibility of legitimate Metis communities
and identities in central and eastern Canada. Taking a continental
rhizomatic approach, the book provides a rich and nuanced view of
what it means to be Metis.
Before the Davie Crockets, the Daniel Boones and Jim Bridgers, the
French had pushed far west and north establishing trade and kin
networks across the continent. They founded settlements that would
become great cities such as Detroit, Saint Louis, and New Orleans,
but their history has been largely buried or relegated to local
lore or confined to Quebec. In this seminal work, Foxcurran,
Bouchard, and Malette Scrutinize primary sources and uncover the
alliances, organic links and metissage, or mixing, between early
French settlers and voyageurs and the indigenous nations. It began
with the founding of New France by Samuel de Champlain in the early
1600s and continued well into the 19th century long after France
was no longer a force in North America. The authors' keen and
accessible story telling, combined with vintage maps, forgotten
documents (such as the little known writings of Alexis de
Tocqueville), and old photos or paintings propel the account of the
peoples engendered and still thriving, their French lingua franca,
and their ways of life back into the heart of the narrative of
North American history where they belong. Songs Upon the Rivers
also challenges historical orthodoxies regarding the Canadien
Metis. These descendants of the French with mixed ancestry
developed a hybrid culture with close kinship ties with indigenous
peoples across the continent. They kept their French songs and
language, which effectively made French the lingua franca of the
American and Canadian West well into the 19th century.
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