MAGNETOCHEMISIRY by PIERCE W. SELWOOD Associate Professor of Lhemistry Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois INTERSCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC., NEW YORK 1943 Copyright, 1943, by INTERSCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 215 Fourth Avenue, New Printed in the United States of America by the Lancaster Press, Lancaster, Pa. PREFACE People who write books in wartime should have compelling reasons for doing so. This book was started before the full impact of the war effort reached the shores of Lake Michigan. It was finished in the hope that it might contribute, however infinitesimally, to the labors of that army of scientists who seek through natures secrets to parry the blows of an ingenious and pitiless enemy. Magnetochemistry began with Michael Faraday more than one hundred years ago. It enjoyed a vigorous growth under the guidance of Pierre Curie and A. Pascal at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, but it did not reach its prime until Gilbert N. Lewis pointed out the relationship between atomic magnetic moment and chem ical valence. The past few years have seen magnetic susceptibility take its place along with dielectric constant, electron diffraction, x-ray diffrac tion, and molecular and atomic spectra, as one of the most powerful tools at the disposal of the chemist. In order to keep the book within reasonable bounds, it has been neces sary to define magnetochemistry rather severely. The following defini tion has been adopted Magnetochemistry is the application of magnetic susceptibilities and of closely related quantities to the solution of chemical problems. No more than mention will be found of several important branches of magnetism, particularly of magnetooptical phenomena, of the gyromagnetic effect, and of adiabatic demagnetization. The field of atomic magnetism has been slighted, so far as the theoretical side is con cerned, and little has been said of technologically important magnetic properties of the ferrous alloys. But these are topics which have received more than adequate treatment elsewhere. On the other hand, I have tried to omit no major branch of magneto chemistry, so defined. It is especially hoped that no important applica tion of magnetism to structural chemistry has been overlooked. The literature up to about 1934 has been covered in the excellent works of Van Vleck, Stoner, Klemm, and others. I have, therefore, omitted extensive reference to original publications before that date. But from 1934 to the end of 1942 over one thousand papers on magnetochemistry have appeared. A few very recent papers may have been overlooked be of the difficulty in obtaining some periodicals during the war, but in VI PREFACE some miraculous fashion the editor of Chemical Abstracts continues to receive abstracts of journals published in occupied and enemy countries. Reference has only occasionally been made to papers reporting mag netic susceptibility measurements for their own sake, and no effort has been made to include tables of susceptibilities. Such data will be found in the International Critical Tables and in the forthcoming Annual Tables of Physical Constants and Numerical Data to be published under the auspices of the National Research Council. I gratefully acknowledge the granting of permission by the American Chemical Society, the American Physical Society, the American Institute of Physics, the American Society for Metals, the American Instituteof Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, the Williams and Wilkins Company, and the Editors of the Journal of Physical Chemistry and the Journal of Chemical Education for permission to reproduce diagrams from their respective publications. I am also indebted to the Fisher Scientific Com pany, and to Mr. S. E. Q. Ashley and the General Electric Company for information and diagrams. To Professor J. H. Van Vleck I am grateful for permission to reproduce diagrams from his works...

At two previous conferences of Working Group 3. 7, the evaluation of the implementation of computerised school information systems (SISs) in Hong Kong and The Netherlands were presented. Here, we will present the results of similar research in England. The rationale for these studies was to fill the gap in our knowledge on this important type of computer use in schools, and, by that, to gain insight into the factors that prove to promote successful SIS implementation. In England SIMS (School Information Management System) has the largest market share of computerised school administration systems. SIMS is a modular but integrated system in that once entered, data is available between modules. Briefly, SIMS consists of about twenty modules that support the work of clerical staff and school managers and teachers (for details see Wild & Walker 2001). 2. RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND RESEARCH FRAMEWORK The following questions were addressed: - The extent of, and ways in which SIMS was used in schools; - The user opinion on the quality of SIMS; The nature and effects of the implementation process, and the characteristics of the schools into which SIMS was introduced; - Factors affecting the degree of SIMS use. The variables relating to the above issues that were investigated in this study fell into five distinct categories according to Visscher's model (see Figure 1), i. e., features of SIMS use, the implementation process, school organisation, and the intendedlunintended effects. The study assumed possible interrelationships between all these variable groups."

London in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was a surprisingly diverse place, home not just to people from throughout the British Isles but to a significant population of French and Dutch immigrants, to travelers and refugees from beyond Europe's borderlands and, from the 1650s, to a growing Jewish community. Yet although we know much about the population of the capital of early modern England, we know little about how Londoners conceived of the many peoples of their own city. Diversity and Difference in Early Modern London seeks to rectify this, addressing the question of how the inhabitants of the metropolis ordered the heterogeneity around them. Rather than relying upon literary or theatrical representations, this study emphasizes day-to-day practice, drawing upon petitions, government records, guild minute books and taxation disputes along with plays and printed texts. It shows how the people of London defined belonging and exclusion in the course of their daily actions, through such prosaic activities as the making and selling of goods, the collection of taxes and the daily give and take of guild politics. This book demonstrates that encounters with heterogeneity predate either imperial expansion or post-colonial immigration. In doing so it offers a perspective of interest both to scholars of the early modern English metropolis and to historians of race, migration, imperialism and the wider Atlantic world. An empirical examination of civic economics, taxation and occupational politics that asks broader questions about multiculturalism and Englishness, this study speaks not just to the history of immigration in London itself, but to the wider debate about evolving notions of national identity in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

In his long-awaited, official autobiography, All In, Joel Selwood reveals the grit, determination, and personal sacrifice behind his AFL success at the Geelong Football Club. Joel Selwood's remarkable leadership is well-known across AFL football. Announcing his retirement at the end of the 2022 season, Selwood will not only go down in history as an icon of the game – a record breaker – but also as a selfless leader who supported his team through one of the club’s most successful periods in its history. After Selwood was made captain of the team in 2012, Geelong made the finals in all but one season, playing in seven preliminary finals and two Grand Finals – culminating in Geelong's tenth premiership in 2022. Easier said than done.  Now, for the first time, Selwood tells his story in his own words.  All In relives the highs of Selwood’s proudest career moments, but also the lows battling the physical and personal challenges in his life, from his infamous knee injury and long recovery to the impact of COVID-19 on the AFL 2020 and 2021 seasons. For the first time, Selwood also describes the bravery, disappointment and celebration entering the IVF merry-go-round with his wife, Brit, to finally have their son, Joey Victor Selwood. A Geelong supporter who grew up to play his entire professional career with the Cats, Joel Selwood is a true AFL legend of our times.  

At Kingdom's Edge investigates how life in a conquered colony both revealed and shaped what it meant to be English outside of the British Isles. Considering the case of Jeronimy Clifford, who rose to become one of Suriname's richest planters, Jacob Selwood examines the mutual influence of race and subjecthood in the early modern world.   Clifford was a child in Suriname when the Dutch, in 1667, wrested the South American colony from England soon after England seized control of New Netherland in North America. Across the arc of his life—from time in the tenuous English colony to prosperity as a slaveholding planter to a stint in debtors' prison in London—Clifford used all the tools at his disposal to elevate and secure his status. His English subjecthood, which he clung to as a wealthy planter in Dutch-controlled Suriname, was a ready means to exert political, legal, economic, and cultural authority. Clifford deployed it without hesitation, even when it failed to serve his interests.   In 1695 Clifford left Suriname and, until his death, he tried to regain control over his abandoned plantation and its enslaved workers. His evocation of international treaties at times secured the support of the Crown. The English and Dutch governments' responses reveal competing definitions of belonging between and across empires, as well as the differing imperial political cultures with which claimants to rights and privileges had to contend. Clifford's case highlights the unresolved tensions about the meanings of colonial subjecthood, Anglo-Dutch relations, and the legacy of England's seventeenth-century empire.

From an obscure, misty archipelago on the fringes of the Roman world to history's largest empire and originator of the world's mongrel, magpie language - this is Britain's past. But, today, Britain is experiencing an acute trauma of identity, pulled simultaneously towards its European, Atlantic and wider heritages. To understand the dislocation and collapse, we must look back: to Britain's evolution, achievements, complexities and tensions. In a ground-breaking new take on British identity, historian and barrister Dominic Selwood explores over 950,000 years of British history by examining 50 documents that tell the story of what makes Britain unique. Some of these documents are well-known. Most are not. Each reveal something important about Britain and its people. From Anglo-Saxon poetry, medieval folk music and the first Valentine's Day letter to the origin of computer code, Hitler's kill list of prominent Britons, the Sex Pistols' graphic art and the Brexit referendum ballot paper, Anatomy of a Nation reveals a Britain we have never seen before. People are at the heart of the story: a female charioteer queen from Wetwang, a plague surviving graffiti artist, a drunken Bible translator, outlandish Restoration rakehells, canting criminals, the eccentric fathers of modern typography and the bankers who caused the finance crisis. Selwood vividly blends human stories with the selected 50 documents to bring out the startling variety and complexity of Britain's achievements and failures in a fresh and incisive insight into the British psyche. This is history the way it is supposed to be told: a captivating and entertaining account of the people that built Britain.

From an obscure, misty archipelago on the fringes of the Roman world to history's largest empire and originator of the world's mongrel, magpie language - this is Britain's past. But, today, Britain is experiencing an acute trauma of identity, pulled simultaneously towards its European, Atlantic and wider heritages. To understand the dislocation and collapse, we must look back: to Britain's evolution, achievements, complexities and tensions. In a ground-breaking new take on British identity, historian and barrister Dominic Selwood explores over 950,000 years of British history by examining 50 documents that tell the story of what makes Britain unique. Some of these documents are well-known. Most are not. Each reveal something important about Britain and its people. From Anglo-Saxon poetry, medieval folk music and the first Valentine's Day letter to the origin of computer code, Hitler's kill list of prominent Britons, the Sex Pistols' graphic art and the Brexit referendum ballot paper, Anatomy of a Nation reveals a Britain we have never seen before. People are at the heart of the story: a female charioteer queen from Wetwang, a plague surviving graffiti artist, a drunken Bible translator, outlandish Restoration rakehells, canting criminals, the eccentric fathers of modern typography and the bankers who caused the finance crisis. Selwood vividly blends human stories with the selected 50 documents to bring out the startling variety and complexity of Britain's achievements and failures in a fresh and incisive insight into the British psyche. This is history the way it is supposed to be told: a captivating and entertaining account of the people that built Britain.

This volume presents findings and insights from contemporary thinking and research on the application of Information Technology in Educational Management. It analyzes the ways in which ICT has been used, across a range of educational institutions, to support various aspects of educational management. It is the latest in a series of books produced by IFIP Working Group 3.7.

Cornwall is renowned for the diversity and complexity of its geology. This geology, and its relation to the mineral wealth of the county, has been the subject of continuing investigation since the end of the seventeenth century. A literature of great historical interest exists, and this is analysed in The Geology of Cornwall alongside a wide-ranging review of the current position and assessments of the environmental consequences of rock and mineral exploitation. These contributions by twenty-one leading academic and commercial geologists are aimed at all readers with an amateur or professional interest in exploring the fascinating geology of Cornwall. Undergraduate fieldworkers will find the book particularly helpful.

Devon shows perhaps one of the most varied displays of geology in the British Isles. Intended for anyone with an interest in geology, The Geology of Devon covers the geological development of the county and adjacent areas from Devonian times to the present day. Each appropriate chapter has a list of representative localities so that the book can also serve as an excursion guide for field work.

The Templars' and Hospitallers' daily business of recruitment, fund-raising, farming, shipping and communal life explored alongside their commitment to crusading. The military and religious orders of the Knights Templar (founded 1120) and Knights Hospitaller (founded c.1099) were a driving force throughout the long history of the crusades. This study examines the work of the two orders closely, using original charters to analyse their activities in their administrative heartland in south-west France, and sets them in the context of contemporary religious life and economic organisation. Recruitment, fund-raising, farming, shipping, and communal life are all touched upon, and the orders' commitment to crusading through control and supply of manpower, money, arms and supplies is assessed. Dr Selwood shows the orders at the centre of religious life in Occitania, highlighting their success compared with other new orders such as the Cistercians, and looking at their relationships with the secular and monastic Church. Other themes addressed include the orders' relationshipto Occitanian society and to the laiety, their involvement with pilgrimage to Jerusalem, their innovative administrative structures, and their logistical operations. DOMINIC SELWOOD gained his Ph.D. at Oxford; he is now a barrister at Lincoln's Inn, and practices from chambers in the Inner Temple.

Sarac, a young, student magician is beaten and cast aside when Alena, a priestess he loves, is captured and carried off to sea by marauders who torch his village in search of the Crystal of Fire. Sarac resolves to rescue Alena, though doesn't realize that his urgent quest is part of a greater purpose; the Crystal of Fire is one of four Crystals of Power ancient Wizards created to prevent the terrible planetary upheaval their world suffers every one thousand years. Sarac must find the Crystals of Power and unite them before the Fall Equinox when the red planet Nibiru comes into alignment with their planet or all will be lost. Naga, an evil sorcerer, who led his soldiers in search of the Crystal of Fire, seeks the Crystals of Power as well for a different purpose, to enslave all mankind and gain dominion over their world regardless of the devastation it will cause. With the help of Joran, a wizard of immense power, Sarac faces increasing threats from the approaching cataclysm which is starting to rain destruction on their planet, and from Naga who is determined to retrieve the Crystals of Power at all costs. The urgency of their quest increases when Sarac learns that Naga is torturing Alena to get her to reveal the location of the remaining Crystals of Power. As the Fall Equinox approaches, Sarac struggles to unravel an ancient prophecy, defeat Naga, rescue Alena, and ultimately save their world from violent destruction.