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This book is devoted to the theoretical and experimental
investigation of the optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) with direct
and external modulation of laser emission. Such devices, sources of
precision radio frequency oscillations using laser excitation, are
novel and technologically relevant, with manifold possible
applications. The book includes a review of the present state of
the theory and generation techniques in microwave and mm-wave
ranges for traditional and optoelectronic oscillators, description
of OEO construction and operation principles, theoretical
oscillation analysis and mathematical description of the relevant
semi-classical laser physics, and investigation of the power
spectral density of noises. Technical features and advantages of
OEOs with external and direct modulation of laser emission are
discussed together with functional diagrams. The characteristics of
OEOs are compared with other traditional RF oscillators, such as
quartz, surface acoustic waves, and oscillators with
electromagnetic wave cavities. Special attention is paid to
Q-factors and phase noises of RF carriers at small offsets. The
authors discuss the technical characteristics of modern
optoelectronic methods for precision RF oscillation formation, such
as commercial large-dimension and compact quantum frequency
standards with optical pumping on cesium and rubidium cells. This
book is aimed at scientists and engineers in academia and industry
who work with sources of microwave and mm-wave signals.
This book is devoted to the theoretical and experimental
investigation of the optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) with direct
and external modulation of laser emission. Such devices, sources of
precision radio frequency oscillations using laser excitation, are
novel and technologically relevant, with manifold possible
applications. The book includes a review of the present state of
the theory and generation techniques in microwave and mm-wave
ranges for traditional and optoelectronic oscillators, description
of OEO construction and operation principles, theoretical
oscillation analysis and mathematical description of the relevant
semi-classical laser physics, and investigation of the power
spectral density of noises. Technical features and advantages of
OEOs with external and direct modulation of laser emission are
discussed together with functional diagrams. The characteristics of
OEOs are compared with other traditional RF oscillators, such as
quartz, surface acoustic waves, and oscillators with
electromagnetic wave cavities. Special attention is paid to
Q-factors and phase noises of RF carriers at small offsets. The
authors discuss the technical characteristics of modern
optoelectronic methods for precision RF oscillation formation, such
as commercial large-dimension and compact quantum frequency
standards with optical pumping on cesium and rubidium cells. This
book is aimed at scientists and engineers in academia and industry
who work with sources of microwave and mm-wave signals.
This textbook, based on the authors' class-tested material, is
accessible to students at the advanced undergraduate and graduate
level in physics and engineering. While its primary function is
didactic, this book's comprehensive choice of topics and its clear
and authoritative synthesis of ideas make it a useful reference for
researchers, device engineers, and course instructors who wish to
consolidate their knowledge of this field. The book takes the
semi-classical approach where light is treated as a wave in
accordance with the classical Maxwell equations, while matter is
governed by quantum theory. It begins by introducing the postulates
and mathematical framework of quantum theory, followed by the
formalism of the density matrix which allows the transition from
microscopic (quantum) quantities to macroscopic (classical) ones.
Consequently, the equations describing the reaction of matter to
the electromagnetic field in the form of polarization,
magnetization, and current are derived. These equations (together
with the Maxwell equations) form the complete system of equations
sufficient to model a wide class of problems surrounding linear and
nonlinear interactions of electromagnetic fields with matter. The
nonlinear character of the governing equations determines
parameters of the steady-state mode of the quantum generator and is
also demonstrated in harmonic generation via propagation of laser
radiation in various media. The touchstone description of magnetic
phenomena will be of interest to scientists who deal with
applications of magneto-resonance phenomena in biology and
medicine. Other advanced topics covered include electric dipole
transitions, magnetic dipole transitions, plasma transitions, and
the devices that can be based on these and other electro-optical
and nonlinear-optical systems. This textbook features numerous
exercises, some of which are investigatory and some of which
require computational solutions.
This book discusses the architecture of modern automated systems
for spectrum monitoring including automation components: technical
means for spectrum monitoring, special software and engineering
infrastructure. The problems of automated system development for
search and localization of unauthorized radio emission sources in
open localities, mathematical methods and algorithms for modulation
of parameter measurements for wireless communication as well as
issues of identification and localization of radio emission sources
are considered. Constructive solutions and modern technical means
for radio monitoring and their application are given. Numerous
examples are described for the implementation of automated systems,
digital radio receivers and radio direction-finders, analyzers of
parameters for GSM, CDMA, LTE, DVB-T/T2, Wi-Fi, DMR, P25, TETRA and
DECT signals. Practical implementations of the described methods
are presented in applied software packages and in radio monitoring
equipment.
This book discusses the architecture of modern automated systems
for spectrum monitoring including automation components: technical
means for spectrum monitoring, special software and engineering
infrastructure. The problems of automated system development for
search and localization of unauthorized radio emission sources in
open localities, mathematical methods and algorithms for modulation
of parameter measurements for wireless communication as well as
issues of identification and localization of radio emission sources
are considered. Constructive solutions and modern technical means
for radio monitoring and their application are given. Numerous
examples are described for the implementation of automated systems,
digital radio receivers and radio direction-finders, analyzers of
parameters for GSM, CDMA, LTE, DVB-T/T2, Wi-Fi, DMR, P25, TETRA and
DECT signals. Practical implementations of the described methods
are presented in applied software packages and in radio monitoring
equipment.
Radio Monitoring: Problems, Methods, and Equipment offers a
unified approach to fundamental aspects of Automated Radio
Monitoring (ARM). The authors discuss the development, modeling,
design, and manufacture of ARM systems. Data from established and
recent research are presented and recommendations are made on
methods and approaches for solving common problems in ARM. The
authors also provide classification and detailed descriptions of
modern high-efficient hardware-software ARM equipment, including
the equipment for detection, radio direction-finding, parameters
measurement and their analysis, and the identification and
localization of the electromagnetic field sources. Examples of ARM
equipment structure, applications, and software are provided to
manage a variety of complicated interference environment in the
industrial centers, inside of the buildings, and in the open
terrain. This book provides a reference for professionals and
researchers interested in deploying ARM technology as a tool for
solving problems from radio frequency spectrum usage control.
Radio Monitoring: Problems, Methods, and Equipment offers a
unified approach to fundamental aspects of Automated Radio
Monitoring (ARM). The authors discuss the development, modeling,
design, and manufacture of ARM systems. Data from established and
recent research are presented and recommendations are made on
methods and approaches for solving common problems in ARM. The
authors also provide classification and detailed descriptions of
modern high-efficient hardware-software ARM equipment, including
the equipment for detection, radio direction-finding, parameters
measurement and their analysis, and the identification and
localization of the electromagnetic field sources. Examples of ARM
equipment structure, applications, and software are provided to
manage a variety of complicated interference environment in the
industrial centers, inside of the buildings, and in the open
terrain. This book provides a reference for professionals and
researchers interested in deploying ARM technology as a tool for
solving problems from radio frequency spectrum usage control.
The textbook acquaints the reader with the architecture of
receivers of analog and digital radio systems, helps to study the
stages of designing a modern radio receiver and reveals the reasons
and methods for its effective operation in networks for various
purposes. Particular attention is paid to the methods of generating
and processing signals in the receivers of digital systems with
multiple access, which make it possible to provide data transfer
rates close to the maximum possible (according to Shannon). As a
textbook for students studying methods of optimal signal reception,
the book will also be useful to specialists in the field of
telecommunications involved in the development of radio receivers.
The book shows how the development of theoretical, circuitry and
integrated technologies led to the active introduction of
algorithmic methods for signal processing changed both the design
of receivers and the methods of forming the information flow in
free space (MIMO, beamforming). The creation of a global 5G network
based on heterogeneous networks puts forward new requirements for
the architecture of receivers, which are determined by the
requirements to achieve high data rates, low time delays or use in
networks with coordinated multipoint transmission and reception
(CoMP). To consolidate the knowledge gained, the book includes a
complete set of materials for online classes, including questions
and answers, a guide to solving problems for each chapter, and
computer modeling units of receivers in the MicroCAP environment,
based on preliminary calculations.
This textbook, based on the authors' class-tested material, is
accessible to students at the advanced undergraduate and graduate
level in physics and engineering. While its primary function is
didactic, this book's comprehensive choice of topics and its clear
and authoritative synthesis of ideas make it a useful reference for
researchers, device engineers, and course instructors who wish to
consolidate their knowledge of this field. The book takes the
semi-classical approach where light is treated as a wave in
accordance with the classical Maxwell equations, while matter is
governed by quantum theory. It begins by introducing the postulates
and mathematical framework of quantum theory, followed by the
formalism of the density matrix which allows the transition from
microscopic (quantum) quantities to macroscopic (classical) ones.
Consequently, the equations describing the reaction of matter to
the electromagnetic field in the form of polarization,
magnetization, and current are derived. These equations (together
with the Maxwell equations) form the complete system of equations
sufficient to model a wide class of problems surrounding linear and
nonlinear interactions of electromagnetic fields with matter. The
nonlinear character of the governing equations determines
parameters of the steady-state mode of the quantum generator and is
also demonstrated in harmonic generation via propagation of laser
radiation in various media. The touchstone description of magnetic
phenomena will be of interest to scientists who deal with
applications of magneto-resonance phenomena in biology and
medicine. Other advanced topics covered include electric dipole
transitions, magnetic dipole transitions, plasma transitions, and
the devices that can be based on these and other electro-optical
and nonlinear-optical systems. This textbook features numerous
exercises, some of which are investigatory and some of which
require computational solutions.
The textbook acquaints the reader with the architecture of
receivers of analog and digital radio systems, helps to study the
stages of designing a modern radio receiver and reveals the reasons
and methods for its effective operation in networks for various
purposes. Particular attention is paid to the methods of generating
and processing signals in the receivers of digital systems with
multiple access, which make it possible to provide data transfer
rates close to the maximum possible (according to Shannon). As a
textbook for students studying methods of optimal signal reception,
the book will also be useful to specialists in the field of
telecommunications involved in the development of radio receivers.
The book shows how the development of theoretical, circuitry and
integrated technologies led to the active introduction of
algorithmic methods for signal processing changed both the design
of receivers and the methods of forming the information flow in
free space (MIMO, beamforming). The creation of a global 5G network
based on heterogeneous networks puts forward new requirements for
the architecture of receivers, which are determined by the
requirements to achieve high data rates, low time delays or use in
networks with coordinated multipoint transmission and reception
(CoMP). To consolidate the knowledge gained, the book includes a
complete set of materials for online classes, including questions
and answers, a guide to solving problems for each chapter, and
computer modeling units of receivers in the MicroCAP environment,
based on preliminary calculations.
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