The features of hospital wastewater (HWW) are identical to domestic wastewater in general, but a subset of HWW includes toxic/nonbiodegradable/infectious contaminants. The hospital effluents include a wide range of chemicals utilized in medical, laboratory, and study settings, as well as patient excreta. Antibiotics, lipid inhibitors, among other medications and their metabolites are among the wastes. This book will help in understanding through the case studies from around the globe how to deal with HWW effectively, as well as help Governments to modify laws relating to it.

Pharmaceutical wastewater is now a major concern due to the improper legislation around the globe and the poor implementation of existing laws. This book covers the various aspects of pharmaceutical sources, treatment technologies, and the harmful effect on the natural environment. The book will also highlight the concept of the 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle) as applied to the treatment and resource recovery systems for pharmaceutical treatment. The different innovative technologies will deal with reducing the energy requirements, the physical space requirements and impacts of treatment plants . Some case studies are included in order to fully understand the practical aspects of the treatment and modelling.