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Back in the early 1990s, economists and policy makers had high
expectations about the prospects for domestic capital market
development in emerging economies, particularly in Latin America.
Unfortunately, they are now faced with disheartening results. Stock
and bond markets remain illiquid and segmented. Debt is
concentrated at the short end of the maturity spectrum and
denominated in foreign currency, exposing countries to maturity and
currency risk. Capital markets in Latin America look particularly
underdeveloped when considering the many efforts undertaken to
improve the macroeconomic environment and to reform the
institutions believed to foster capital market development. The
disappointing performance has made conventional policy
recommendations questionable, at best. Emerging Capital Markets and
Globalization analyzes where we stand and where we are heading on
capital market development. First, it takes stock of the state and
evolution of Latin American capital markets and related reforms
over time and relative to other countries. Second, it analyzes the
factors related to the development of capital markets, with
particular interest on measuring the impact of reforms. And third,
in light of this analysis, it discusses the prospects for capital
market development in Latin America and emerging economies and the
implications for the reform agenda.
Since the 1990s, the financial systems in developing and developed
countries have gained in soundness, depth, and diversity, prompted
in part by a series of financial sector and macroeconomic reforms
aimed at fostering a market-driven economy in which finance plays a
central role. Latin America has been one of the regions at the
forefront of these changes and offers a good laboratory of where
the challenges in financial development lie. Despite all the gains
in financial development, there is still a nagging contrast between
the intensity of financial sector reforms implemented over the past
20 years in many countries and the actual size and depth of their
financial systems. In the case of Latin America, in many respects
it remains underdeveloped by international comparisons. This book
studies in detail the recent history of financial sector
development and reforms in Latin America, in comparison to other
developing and developed countries, to shed light on the key
obstacles for financial development. Rather than going in detail
into sector-specific issues, the book focuses on the main
architectural issues, overall perspectives, and interconnections.
Its value added thus hinges on its holistic view of the development
process, its broad coverage of the financial services industry (not
just banking), its emphasis on comparisons and benchmarking, its
systemic perspective, and its explicit effort to incorporate the
lessons from the recent global financial crisis. The book is
divided into three main parts. The first presents a stock taking
exercise to ascertain where Latin America s financial development
lies analyzing in more detail some of the reasons and policy
implications underlying its banking depth and equity liquidity
gaps. The second part revisits two themes that are central to the
region s financial development: long-term finance and the role of
the state in risk bearing. The last part of the book deals with
issues of regulation and supervision, first taking stock of the
progress in the region and then analyzing the challenges faced by
Latin America as regards three main facets of systemic oversight:
macro-prudential policy, micro-systemic regulation, and systemic
supervision. The chapters in this book yield many lessons and raise
several issues, constituting an invaluable read for practitioners,
policymakers, experts, and students alike in both developed and
developing countries."
Back in the early 1990s, economists and policy makers had high
expectations about the prospects for domestic capital market
development in emerging economies, particularly in Latin America.
Unfortunately, they are now faced with disheartening results. Stock
and bond markets remain illiquid and segmented. Debt is
concentrated at the short end of the maturity spectrum and
denominated in foreign currency, exposing countries to maturity and
currency risk. Capital markets in Latin America look particularly
underdeveloped when considering the many efforts undertaken to
improve the macroeconomic environment and to reform the
institutions believed to foster capital market development. The
disappointing performance has made conventional policy
recommendations questionable, at best. 'Emerging Capital Markets
and Globalization' analyzes where we stand and where we are heading
on capital market development. First, it takes stock of the state
and evolution of Latin American capital markets and related reforms
over time and relative to other countries. Second, it analyzes the
factors related to the development of capital markets, with
particular interest on measuring the impact of reforms. And third,
in light of this analysis, it discusses the prospects for capital
market development in Latin America and emerging economies and the
implications for the reform agenda.
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