This book provides a profile of innovation in industrial biotechnology, an emerging field of biotechnology characterised by the use of enzymes, microorganisms, and other biocatalysts to create new processes and products. Industrial biotechnology is used to make biofuels, chemicals and other products in more sustainable and environmentally friendly ways by, for example, enabling the use of renewable resources rather than petroleum-based products, eliminating harmful by-products created by conventional chemical processes, reducing energy requirements and greenhouse gas emissions, and/or lowering manufacturing costs. Because of these positive attributes, the demand for industrial biotechnology products and processes is increasing. Patent data, survey results, and technology and firm level data is used from emerging sectors of industrial biotechnology to provide a detailed picture of innovation in the field. Furthermore, this book finds substantial evidence that the field of industrial biotechnology is diverse and growing, with new patent owners entering at a steady rate. Different companies, ranging from small to large in size, are dominant in different areas of industrial biotechnology and patent portfolios play an important role in their participation by facilitating the commercialisation of new products and processes.

Nathan "Nate the Great" Campbell has had nothing shy of a difficult life. Everyone he has ever held dear left him in one way or another. Trials and troubles are as natural to him as breathing. But as fate would have it in the midst of his tribulations the sun begins to shine and brighten the former bully's dreary outlook. After his Me'ma's passing Nathan's long lost father, Nathaniel, returns to reclaim him from his foster family to live with him in New York. Yet before Nathan and Nathaniel can begin their quest of kindling a father-son bond, each of their pasts threatens to destroy their promising future. Will Nathan's slight desire to return to his old ways as Nemesis Nate the Great ruin his chance at a picture perfect life? Instead of being the apple of his father's eye, will Nathan become the worm that spoils the Big Apple? Or will the reason for his father's prolonged absence send Nathan spiraling into an abyss of uncertainty?