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Responding to the resurgence of interest in the Scottish
working-class writer James Hogg, Sharon Alker and Holly Faith
Nelson offer the first edited collection devoted to an examination
of the critical implications of his writings and their position in
the Edinburgh and London literary marketplaces. Writing during a
particularly complex time in Scottish literary history, Hogg, a
working shepherd for much of his life, is seen to challenge many of
the aesthetic conventions adopted by his contemporaries and to
anticipate many of the concerns voiced in discussions of literature
in recent years. While the essays privilege Hogg's primary texts
and read them closely in their immediate cultural context, the
volume's contributors also introduce relevant research on oral
culture, nationalism, transnationalism, intertextuality, class,
colonialism, empire, psychology, and aesthetics where they serve to
illuminate Hogg's literary ingenuity as a working-class writer in
Romantic Scotland.
While recent scholarship has usefully positioned Burns within the
context of British Romanticism as a spokesperson of Scottish
national identity, Robert Burns and Transatlantic Culture considers
Burns's impact in the United States, Canada, and South America,
where he has served variously as a site of cultural memory and of
creative negotiation. Ambitious in its scope, the volume is divided
into five sections that explore: transatlantic concerns in Burns's
own work, Burns's early publication in North America, Burns's
reception in the Americas, Burns's creation as a site of cultural
memory, and extra-literary remediations of Burns, including
contemporary digital representations. By tracing the transatlantic
modulations of the poet and songwriter and his works, Robert Burns
and Transatlantic Culture sheds new light on the circuits
connecting Scotland and Britain with the evolving cultures of the
Americas from the late eighteenth century to the present.
While recent scholarship has usefully positioned Burns within the
context of British Romanticism as a spokesperson of Scottish
national identity, Robert Burns and Transatlantic Culture considers
Burns's impact in the United States, Canada, and South America,
where he has served variously as a site of cultural memory and of
creative negotiation. Ambitious in its scope, the volume is divided
into five sections that explore: transatlantic concerns in Burns's
own work, Burns's early publication in North America, Burns's
reception in the Americas, Burns's creation as a site of cultural
memory, and extra-literary remediations of Burns, including
contemporary digital representations. By tracing the transatlantic
modulations of the poet and songwriter and his works, Robert Burns
and Transatlantic Culture sheds new light on the circuits
connecting Scotland and Britain with the evolving cultures of the
Americas from the late eighteenth century to the present.
Responding to the resurgence of interest in the Scottish
working-class writer James Hogg, Sharon Alker and Holly Faith
Nelson offer the first edited collection devoted to an examination
of the critical implications of his writings and their position in
the Edinburgh and London literary marketplaces. Writing during a
particularly complex time in Scottish literary history, Hogg, a
working shepherd for much of his life, is seen to challenge many of
the aesthetic conventions adopted by his contemporaries and to
anticipate many of the concerns voiced in discussions of literature
in recent years. While the essays privilege Hogg's primary texts
and read them closely in their immediate cultural context, the
volume's contributors also introduce relevant research on oral
culture, nationalism, transnationalism, intertextuality, class,
colonialism, empire, psychology, and aesthetics where they serve to
illuminate Hogg's literary ingenuity as a working-class writer in
Romantic Scotland.
The Idea of Disability in the Eighteenth Century explores disabled
people who lived in the eighteenth century. The first four essays
consider philosophical writing dating between 1663 and 1788, when
the understanding of disability altered dramatically. We begin with
Margaret Cavendish, whose natural philosophy rejected ideas of
superiority or inferiority between individuals based upon physical
or mental difference. We then move to John Locke, the founder of
empiricism in 1680, who believed that the basis of knowledge was
observability, but who, faced with the lack of anything to observe,
broke his own epistemological rules in his explanation of mental
illness. Understanding the problems that empiricism set up, Anthony
Ashley Cooper, Lord Shaftesbury, turned in 1711 to moral
philosophy, but also founded his philosophy on a flaw. He believed
in the harmony of "the aesthetic trinity of beauty, truth, and
virtue" but he could not believe that a disabled friend, whom he
knew to have been moral before his physical alteration, could
change inside. Lastly, we explore Thomas Reid who in 1788 returned
to the body as the ground of philosophical enquiry and saw the body
as a whole-complete in itself and wanting nothing, be it missing a
sense (Reid was deaf) or a physical or mental capacity. At the
heart of the study of any historical artifact is the question of
where to look for evidence, and when looking for evidence of
disability, we have largely to rely upon texts. However, texts come
in many forms, and the next two essays explore three types-the
novel, the periodical and the pamphlet-which pour out their ideas
of disability in different ways. Evidence of disabled people in the
eighteenth century is sparse, and the lives the more evanescent.
The last four essays bring to light little known disabled people,
or people who are little known for their disability, giving various
forms of biographical accounts of Susanna Harrison, Sarah Scott,
Priscilla Poynton and Thomas Gills, who are all but forgotten in
the academic world as well as to public consciousness.
Siege literature has existed since antiquity but has not always
been understood as a crucial element of culture. Focusing on its
magnetic force, Besieged brings to light its popularity and potency
between the British Civil War and the Great Northern War in Europe,
a period in which literary texts reflected an urgent interest in
siege mentality and tactics. Exploring the siege as represented in
canonical works by Milton, Dryden, Defoe, Davenant, Cowley,
Cavendish, and Bunyan, alongside a wide array of little-known
memoirs, plays, poems, and works of prose fiction on military and
civilian experiences of siege warfare, Besieged breaks new ground
in the field of early modern war literature. Sharon Alker and Holly
Faith Nelson draw on theories of space and place to show how early
modern Britons feverishly worked to make sense of the immediacy,
horror, and trauma of urban warfare, offering a valuable
perspective on the literature that captured the cultural
imagination during and after the traumatic civil wars of the 1640s.
Alker and Nelson demonstrate how the narratives of besieged cities
became a compelling way to engage with the fragility of urban
space, unstable social structures, developing technologies, and the
inadequacy of old heroic martial models. Given the reality of urban
warfare in our own age, Besieged provides a timely foundation for
understanding the history of such spaces and their cultural
representation.
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