In light of the Black Lives Matter movement and protests in many cities, race plays an ever more salient role in crime and justice. Within theoretical criminology, however, race has oddly remained on the periphery. It is often introduced as a control variable in tests of theories and is rarely incorporated as a central construct in mainstream paradigms (e.g., control, social learning, and strain theories). When race is discussed, the standard approach is to embrace the racial invariance thesis, which argues that any racial differences in crime are due to African Americans being exposed to the same criminogenic risk factors as are Whites, just more of them. An alternative perspective has emerged that seeks to identify the unique, racially specific conditions that only Blacks experience. Within the United States, these conditions are rooted in the historical racial oppression experienced by African Americans, whose contemporary legacy includes concentrated disadvantage in segregated communities, racial socialization by parents, experiences with and perceptions of racial discrimination, and disproportionate involvement in and unjust treatment by the criminal justice system. Importantly, racial invariance and race specificity are not mutually exclusive perspectives. Evidence exists that Blacks and Whites commit crimes for both the same reasons (invariance) and for different reasons (race-specific). A full understanding of race and crime thus must involve demarcating both the general and specific causes of crime, the latter embedded in what it means to be "Black" in the United States. This volume seeks to explore these theoretical issues in a depth and breadth that is not common under one cover. Again, given the salience of race and crime, this volume should be of interest to a wide range of criminologists and have the potential to be used in graduate seminars and upper-level undergraduate courses.

* The first book-length treatment of the form of racial profiling known as "shopping while Black" * Groundbreaking treatment of a hot topic, weaving together scholarly research on violations of the rights of people of color and personal experience with this social problem * Engages criminologists and social-justice activists or civil rights attorneys as well as the general public

This is the first book to discern the contribution of Du Bois' work to criminology and criminal justice through a comprehensive review of his papers, articles and books. Beginning with reflections from his childhood, the author traces Du Bois' ideas on crime and justice throughout his life. This includes a unique analysis of Du Bois' experience as an object of the criminal justice system, a review of his FBI file, his 1951 trial and his pioneering social scientific research program at Atlanta University. The book illustrates the depth of Du Bois' interest in the field and reveals how he was a pioneer in key areas of criminology and criminal justice. The book contains five appendices which include four original papers written by Du Bois as well as maps from The Philadelphia Negro.

A little more than a century ago, the famous social scientist W.E.B. Dubois asserted that a true understanding of African American offending must be grounded in the "real conditions" of what it means to be black living in a racial stratified society. Today and according to official statistics, African American men -- about 6 percent of the population of the United States -- account for nearly 60 percent of the armed robbery arrests in the United States. To the authors of this book, this and many other glaring racial disparities in offending centered on African Americans is clearly related to their unique history and to their past and present racial subordination. Inexplicably, however, no criminological theory exists that fully articulates the nuances of the African American experience and how they relate to their offending. In readable fashion for undergraduate students, the general public, and criminologists alike, this book for the first time presents the foundations for the development of an African American theory of offending.

This is the first book to discern the contribution of Du Bois' work to criminology and criminal justice through a comprehensive review of his papers, articles and books. Beginning with reflections from his childhood, the author traces Du Bois' ideas on crime and justice throughout his life. This includes a unique analysis of Du Bois' experience as an object of the criminal justice system, a review of his FBI file, his 1951 trial and his pioneering social scientific research program at Atlanta University. The book illustrates the depth of Du Bois' interest in the field and reveals how he was a pioneer in key areas of criminology and criminal justice. The book contains five appendices which include four original papers written by Du Bois as well as maps from The Philadelphia Negro.

A little more than a century ago, the famous social scientist W.E.B. Dubois asserted that a true understanding of African American offending must be grounded in the "real conditions" of what it means to be black living in a racial stratified society. Today and according to official statistics, African American men -- about 6 percent of the population of the United States -- account for nearly 60 percent of the armed robbery arrests in the United States. To the authors of this book, this and many other glaring racial disparities in offending centered on African Americans is clearly related to their unique history and to their past and present racial subordination. Inexplicably, however, no criminological theory exists that fully articulates the nuances of the African American experience and how they relate to their offending. In readable fashion for undergraduate students, the general public, and criminologists alike, this book for the first time presents the foundations for the development of an African American theory of offending.

"This is a great tool that provides not only historical perspective but also incorporates additional resources to help expand the student's ability to understand an issue and implications stemming from it." -Robbin Day Brooks,-Arizona State University Written by two of the most prominent criminologists in the field, Race and Crime, Fifth Edition takes an incisive look at the intersection of race, ethnicity and the criminal justice system. Authors Shaun L. Gabbidon and Helen Taylor Greene offer students a panoramic perspective of race and crime by expertly balancing historical context with modern data and research in thought-provoking discussions of contemporary issues. Accessible and reader-friendly, this comprehensive text illuminates the continued importance of race and ethnicity in all aspects of the administration of justice. New to the Fifth Edition: "Both Sides of the Debate" boxes encourage student engagement and critical thinking as they explore both sides of controversial issues, such as: school shootings; the "Model Minority" label; affluenza; eliminating peremptory challenges; President Trump's judicial appointments; the underreporting of hate crimes; the increase of opioid use among black Americans; and expanding the death penalty for opioid dealers. Extensive updates around policing provides a foundational understanding of important issues, such as: policing and the use of force; the Black Lives Matter movement; the Blue Lives Matter movement; the need for diversity in law enforcement; traffic stops; and the connection between immigration and policing. Key court rulings are included along with updated discussions of racial disparities in plea bargains, backstrikes of potential jurors, wrongful convictions, and intersectionality in death penalty decisions. Important topics such as life after prison and the impact of felony disenfranchisement on minorities help contextualize the discussion of corrections. Updated data tables such as crime and victimization trends, hate crime incidents, and juvenile crime/victimization put the study of race and crime in complete context. Discussions of the Trump Administration's policies capture the current state of crime and justice policies in the United States. Updated data tables such as crime and victimization trends, hate crime incidents, and juvenile crime/victimization put the study of race and crime in complete context for students.

* The first book-length treatment of the form of racial profiling known as "shopping while Black" * Groundbreaking treatment of a hot topic, weaving together scholarly research on violations of the rights of people of color and personal experience with this social problem * Engages criminologists and social-justice activists or civil rights attorneys as well as the general public

Criminological Perspectives on Race and Crime, Fourth Edition, is the only text to look at the array of mainstream and unconventional explanations for crime as they relate to racial and ethnic populations. Each chapter begins with a historical review of each theoretical perspective and how its original formulation and more recent derivatives account for racial or ethnic differences in offending. Included in each chapter is a review of relevant empirical tests that have investigated the value of that theory. The theoretical paradigms include those based on religion, biology, social disorganization/strain, subculture, labeling, conflict, social control, colonial, feminism, and race-centered perspectives. Gabbidon considers which perspectives have shown the most promise in explaining the relationships between race/ethnicity and crime. Ideal for courses in either crime theory or race and crime, this text is used in Criminology and Sociology programs in the US as well as in the UK and Canada.

Criminological Perspectives on Race and Crime, Fourth Edition, is the only text to look at the array of mainstream and unconventional explanations for crime as they relate to racial and ethnic populations. Each chapter begins with a historical review of each theoretical perspective and how its original formulation and more recent derivatives account for racial or ethnic differences in offending. Included in each chapter is a review of relevant empirical tests that have investigated the value of that theory. The theoretical paradigms include those based on religion, biology, social disorganization/strain, subculture, labeling, conflict, social control, colonial, feminism, and race-centered perspectives. Gabbidon considers which perspectives have shown the most promise in explaining the relationships between race/ethnicity and crime. Ideal for courses in either crime theory or race and crime, this text is used in Criminology and Sociology programs in the US as well as in the UK and Canada.

Congratulations to SAGE author Shaun L. Gabbidon for becoming the second scholar in the college s history to be named a Distinguished Professor by the University s Office of the President (Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg)

"Gabbidon's book provides a sobering account of racism, inequality and injustice, framed by processes of colonialisation, the effects of which are still widely felt in many postcolonial contexts. It will greatly assist teachers and students interested in comparative research and analysis in this area." Dr. Coretta Phillips, London School of Economics and Political Science"The author does a great job at identifying the nature and scope of therace/crime relationship. The race relations analyisis within the selectedcountries provide a great historical context; particularly for students who areunfamiliar with the role of race and ethnicity in criminal justice processing." Dr. Patricia Warren, Florida State UniversityProviding case studies from English-speaking countries around the world, Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice: An International Dilemma focuses on the racial/ethnic justice-related challenges faced by Great Britain, the United States, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. Shaun L. Gabbidon s insightful text begins with chapters that introduce the international nature of race/ethnicity issues, grounding students in important theory and concepts, and then provides full chapter coverage of the race and crime issues of each specific region.Key Features Presents a brief historical overview, current population characteristics, criminal justice statistics, and a synopsis of the racial and ethnic justice-related concerns for each region, followed by a review of the scholarly literature on the topic Compares and contrasts the race, ethnicity, crime, and justice issues of specific countriesIncludes a closing chapter that summarizes the findings from the various countries and discusses prospects for the eventual elimination of the international dilemma of race, ethnicity, crime, and justice

Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice: An International Dilemma can be used as a main or supplementary text for courses focusing on race and crime, minorities and crime, and diversity in criminal justice. It is also appropriate for use in sociology and ethnic studies courses that focus on race and crime. "

In light of the Black Lives Matter movement and protests in many cities, race plays an ever more salient role in crime and justice. Within theoretical criminology, however, race has oddly remained on the periphery. It is often introduced as a control variable in tests of theories and is rarely incorporated as a central construct in mainstream paradigms (e.g., control, social learning, and strain theories). When race is discussed, the standard approach is to embrace the racial invariance thesis, which argues that any racial differences in crime are due to African Americans being exposed to the same criminogenic risk factors as are Whites, just more of them. An alternative perspective has emerged that seeks to identify the unique, racially specific conditions that only Blacks experience. Within the United States, these conditions are rooted in the historical racial oppression experienced by African Americans, whose contemporary legacy includes concentrated disadvantage in segregated communities, racial socialization by parents, experiences with and perceptions of racial discrimination, and disproportionate involvement in and unjust treatment by the criminal justice system. Importantly, racial invariance and race specificity are not mutually exclusive perspectives. Evidence exists that Blacks and Whites commit crimes for both the same reasons (invariance) and for different reasons (race-specific). A full understanding of race and crime thus must involve demarcating both the general and specific causes of crime, the latter embedded in what it means to be "Black" in the United States. This volume seeks to explore these theoretical issues in a depth and breadth that is not common under one cover. Again, given the salience of race and crime, this volume should be of interest to a wide range of criminologists and have the potential to be used in graduate seminars and upper-level undergraduate courses.

How Public Policy Impacts Racial Inequality, edited by Josh Grimm and Jaime Loke, brings together scholars of political science, sociology, and mass communication to provide an in-depth analysis of race in the United States through the lens of public policy. This vital collection outlines how issues such as profiling, wealth inequality, and housing segregation relate to race and policy decisions at both the local and national levels. Each chapter explores the inherent conflict between policy enactment, perception, and enforcement. Contributors examine topics ranging from the American justice system's role in magnifying racial and ethnic disparities to the controversial immigration policies enacted by the Trump administration, along with pointed discussions of how the racial bias of public policy decisions historically impacts emerging concerns such as media access, health equity, and asset poverty. By presenting nuanced case studies of key topics, How Public Policy Impacts Racial Inequality offers a timely and wide-ranging collection on major social and political issues unfolding in twenty-first-century America.

"This collection of writings is crucially important, in part, because it reminds us the theoretical paradigms of these and other African American scholars are excluded when crime, its causes, and its control are discussed by criminologists, criminal justice practitioners, and policy makers. To understand crime fully, the perspectives advanced by these scholars must become an integral part of discussions about who is a criminal and which public policies will best control crime."¾ From the forward by Anne Thomas Sulton, Ph.D, J.D.

From W.E.B. Dubois through Lee Brown, this anthology provides a collection of the key articles in criminology and criminal justice written by black scholars. Available in a single volume for the first time, the articles collected in this book reflect the voices of African-American scholars and display the diversity of perspectives sought after in today?s academic community. Crime in the African-American community is examined from social, economic and political perspectives, and the historical context of each article is provided by the editors. Spanning the 20^th century, these works present a historical chronology of African-American views on crime and its control with theoretical perspectives that have often been tangential to mainstream scholarship.

"This collection of writings is crucially important, in part, because it reminds us the theoretical paradigms of these and other African American scholars are excluded when crime, its causes, and its control are discussed by criminologists, criminal justice practitioners, and policy makers. To understand crime fully, the perspectives advanced by these scholars must become an integral part of discussions about who is a criminal and which public policies will best control crime."¾ From the forward by Anne Thomas Sulton, Ph.D, J.D.

From W.E.B. Dubois through Lee Brown, this anthology provides a collection of the key articles in criminology and criminal justice written by black scholars. Available in a single volume for the first time, the articles collected in this book reflect the voices of African-American scholars and display the diversity of perspectives sought after in today?s academic community. Crime in the African-American community is examined from social, economic and political perspectives, and the historical context of each article is provided by the editors. Spanning the 20^th century, these works present a historical chronology of African-American views on crime and its control with theoretical perspectives that have often been tangential to mainstream scholarship.