The book will serve as basic guideline for post-graduate students initiating their research work in newly emerging field of eco-informatics. The integration of GIS with eco-informatics will increase the visualization and analysis of the data collected and enhance the understanding.. The basic objective of this book is to bring together the two different approaches of GIS and eco-informatics together for analyzing and quantifying the results. It can be used as a reference book for PhD students in disciples such as Ecology, Forestry, Geography, Cartography, Soft-ware-engineering and other related disciplines.

A one stops comprehensive textbook covering all the essential components of orientation method and their application on vegetation data. Most of problems encountered in vegetation ecology and application of multivariate analysis are taken into account. Ordination analysis can provide insight into the structure of biological communities and into the impact of natural and human induced environment distances on biological assemblage. Moving away from classic vegetation analysis recent orientation techniques were employed for validation of results. This book is recommended for undergraduate and postgraduate courses specializing in orientation and multivariate analysis.