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This book explores the fascinating and intimate relationship
between music and physics. Over millennia, the playing of, and
listening to music have stimulated creativity and curiosity in
people all around the globe. Beginning with the basics, the authors
first address the tonal systems of European-type music, comparing
them with those of other, distant cultures. They analyze the
physical principles of common musical instruments with emphasis on
sound creation and particularly charisma. Modern research on the
psychology of musical perception - the field known as
psychoacoustics - is also described. The sound of orchestras in
concert halls is discussed, and its psychoacoustic effects are
explained. Finally, the authors touch upon the role of music for
our mind and society. Throughout the book, interesting stories and
anecdotes give insights into the musical activities of physicists
and their interaction with composers and musicians.
All of us are confronted with complex phenomena occurring in daily
life and in the living and inanimate nature surrounding us. Our
scientific curiosity strives to unravel the mechanisms at work to
create such complexity. Among various approaches to solve this
problem, the field of synergetics, developed by Hermann Haken, has
proven very successful as a general and interdisciplinary concept
for describing and explaining complex phenomena that appear in
systems under non-equilibrium conditions. These comprise dynamical
states in evolving systems, spatial structure-forming processes,
synchronization of states and regulatory mechanisms, and many other
examples. The encompassing concepts have been applied to many
disciplines, like physics, chemistry, biology, and beyond those
also from synergetics to information theory, brain science,
economics, and others. Starting from basic methods of complexity
research and synergetics, this volume contains thirty contributions
on complex systems that exhibit spontaneous pattern formation far
from thermal equilibrium. Written by international experts and
young researchers assembled under one roof, this volume reflects
state of the art research from a variety of scientific fields and
disciplines where complexity theory and synergetics are important
or even indispensable tools today and in the future.
This book presents the general concepts of self-organized
spatio-temporal ordering processes. These concepts are demonstrated
via prototypical examples of recent advances in materials science.
Particular emphasis is on nano scale soft matter in physics,
chemistry, biology and biomedicine. The questions addressed embrace
a broad spectrum of complex nonlinear phenomena, ranging from
self-assembling near the thermodynamical equilibrium to dissipative
structure formation far from equilibrium. Their mutual interplay
gives rise to increasing degrees of hierarchical order. Analogues
are pointed out, differences characterized and efforts are made to
reveal common features in the mechanistic description of those
phenomena.
This book presents the general concepts of self-organized
spatio-temporal ordering processes. These concepts are demonstrated
via prototypical examples of recent advances in materials science.
Particular emphasis is on nano scale soft matter in physics,
chemistry, biology and biomedicine. The questions addressed embrace
a broad spectrum of complex nonlinear phenomena, ranging from
self-assembling near the thermodynamical equilibrium to dissipative
structure formation far from equilibrium. Their mutual interplay
gives rise to increasing degrees of hierarchical order. Analogues
are pointed out, differences characterized and efforts are made to
reveal common features in the mechanistic description of those
phenomena.
Local and global spatial coupling mechanisms form the basis of
transport processes that are of fundamental importance for the
occurrence and the dynamic evolution of patterns on a mesoscopic
and macroscopic scale. The present volume deals with these concepts
and investigates applications in the fields of biophysics and
chemistry.
Concepts of nonlinear physics are applied to an increasing number
of research disciplines. With this volume, the editors offer a
selection of articles on nonlinear topics in progress, ranging from
physics and chemistry to biology and some applications of social
science. The book covers quantum optics, electron crystallization,
cellular or flow patterns in fluids and in granular media,
biological systems, and the control of brain structures via
neuronal excitation. Chemical patterns are looked at both in bulk
solutions and on surfaces in heterogeneous systems. From regular
structures, the authors turn to the more complex behavior in
biology and physics, such as hydrodynamical turbulence,
low-dimensional dynamics in solid-state physics, and gravity.
The review articles in this book treat the overall nonlinear and
complex behavior of nature from the viewpoint of such diverse
research fields as fluid mechanics, condensed matter physics,
biophysics, biochemistry, biology, and applied mathematics.
Attention is focussed on a broad and comprehensive overview of
recent developments and perspectives. Particular attention is given
to the so-far unsolved problem of how to capture the mutual
interplay between the microscopic and macroscopic dynamics that
extend over various length and time scales. The book addresses
researchers as well as graduate students.
Open nonlinear systems are capable of self-organization in space
and time. This realization constitutes a major breakthrough of
modern science, and is currently at the origin of explosive
developments in chemistry, physics and biology. Observations and
numerical computations of nonlinear systems surprise us by their
inexhaustible and sometimes nonintuitive variety of structures with
different shapes and functions. But as well as variety one finds on
closer inspection that nonlinear phenomena share universal aspects
of pattern formation in time and space. These similarities make it
possible to bridge the gap between inanimate and living matter at
various levels of complexity, in both theory and experiment. This
book is an account of different approaches to the study of this
pattern formation. The universality of kinetic, thermodynamic and
dimensional approaches is documented through their application to
purely mathematical, physical and chemical systems, as well as to
systems in nature: biochemical, cellular, multicellular,
physiological, neurophysiological, ecological and economic systems.
Hints given throughout the book allow the reader to discover how to
make use of the principles and methods in different fields of
research, including those not treated explicitly in the book.
In the decades the of the formation of structures past subject
spontaneous in far from has into a branch of - systems equilibrium
major physics grown search with ties to It has become evident that
strong neighboring disciplines. a diverse of can be understood
within a common mat- phenomena range matical framework which has
been called nonlinear of continuous dynamics This name the close to
the field of nonlinear systems. emphasizes relationship of with few
of freedom which has evolved into a dynamics systems degrees mature
in the recent features mathematically subject past. Many dynamical
of continuous be described reduction few can a to a systems
actually through of freedom and of the latter of continue to
degrees properties type systems of continuous the inspire study
systems. The of this book is to demonstrate the numerous goal
through examples that exist for the of nonlinear the opportunities
study phenomena through tools of mathematical and use of common
analyses dynamical interpretations. Instead of overview of the a
providing comprehensive rapidly evolving field, the contributors to
this book are to communicate to a wide scientific trying audience
the of what have learnt about the formation of essence they spon-
neous structures in continuous and about the dissipative systems
competition between order and chaos that characterizes these It is
that systems. hoped the book will be even to those scientists whose
not helpful are disciplines the authors.
In the decades the of the formation of structures past subject
spontaneous in far from has into a branch of - systems equilibrium
major physics grown search with ties to It has become evident that
strong neighboring disciplines. a diverse of can be understood
within a common mat- phenomena range matical framework which has
been called nonlinear of continuous dynamics This name the close to
the field of nonlinear systems. emphasizes relationship of with few
of freedom which has evolved into a dynamics systems degrees mature
in the recent features mathematically subject past. Many dynamical
of continuous be described reduction few can a to a systems
actually through of freedom and of the latter of continue to
degrees properties type systems of continuous the inspire study
systems. The of this book is to demonstrate the numerous goal
through examples that exist for the of nonlinear the opportunities
study phenomena through tools of mathematical and use of common
analyses dynamical interpretations. Instead of overview of the a
providing comprehensive rapidly evolving field, the contributors to
this book are to communicate to a wide scientific trying audience
the of what have learnt about the formation of essence they spon-
neous structures in continuous and about the dissipative systems
competition between order and chaos that characterizes these It is
that systems. hoped the book will be even to those scientists whose
not helpful are disciplines the authors.
Concepts of nonlinear physics are applied to an increasing number
of research disciplines. With this volume, the editors offer a
selection of articles on nonlinear topics in progress, ranging from
physics and chemistry to biology and some applications of social
science. The book covers quantum optics, electron crystallization,
cellular or flow patterns in fluids and in granular media,
biological systems, and the control of brain structures via
neuronal excitation. Chemical patterns are looked at both in bulk
solutions and on surfaces in heterogeneous systems. From regular
structures, the authors turn to the more complex behavior in
biology and physics, such as hydrodynamical turbulence,
low-dimensional dynamics in solid-state physics, and gravity.
This book explores the fascinating and intimate relationship
between music and physics. Over millennia, the playing of, and
listening to music have stimulated creativity and curiosity in
people all around the globe. Beginning with the basics, the authors
first address the tonal systems of European-type music, comparing
them with those of other, distant cultures. They analyze the
physical principles of common musical instruments with emphasis on
sound creation and particularly charisma. Modern research on the
psychology of musical perception - the field known as
psychoacoustics - is also described. The sound of orchestras in
concert halls is discussed, and its psychoacoustic effects are
explained. Finally, the authors touch upon the role of music for
our mind and society. Throughout the book, interesting stories and
anecdotes give insights into the musical activities of physicists
and their interaction with composers and musicians.
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