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This book introduces and develops the paradigm of the
organisational contract in European contract law. Suggesting that a
more radical distinction should be made between contracts which
regulate single or spot exchanges and contracts that organize
complex economic activities without creating a new legal entity,
the book argues that this distinction goes beyond that between spot
and relational contracts because it focuses on the organizational
dimension of contracting and its governance features. Divided into
six parts, the volume brings together a group of internationally
renowned experts to examine the structure of long-term contractual
cooperation; networks of contracts; knowledge exchange in long-term
contractual cooperation; remedies and specific governance rules in
long-term relationships; and the move towards legislation. The book
will be of value to academics and researchers in the areas of
private law, economic theory and sociology of law, and
organizational theory. It will also be a useful resource for
practitioners working in international contract law and
international business transaction law.
This book introduces and develops the paradigm of the
organisational contract in European contract law. Suggesting that a
more radical distinction should be made between contracts which
regulate single or spot exchanges and contracts that organize
complex economic activities without creating a new legal entity,
the book argues that this distinction goes beyond that between spot
and relational contracts because it focuses on the organizational
dimension of contracting and its governance features. Divided into
six parts, the volume brings together a group of internationally
renowned experts to examine the structure of long-term contractual
cooperation; networks of contracts; knowledge exchange in long-term
contractual cooperation; remedies and specific governance rules in
long-term relationships; and the move towards legislation. The book
will be of value to academics and researchers in the areas of
private law, economic theory and sociology of law, and
organizational theory. It will also be a useful resource for
practitioners working in international contract law and
international business transaction law.
New Private Law Theory opens a new pathway to private law theory
through a pluralistic approach. Such a theory needs a broad and
stable foundation, which the authors have built here through a
canon of nearly seventy texts of reference. This book brings these
different texts from different disciplines into conversation with
each other, grouping them around central questions of private law
and at the same time integrating them with the legal doctrinal
analysis of example cases. This book will be accessible to both
experienced and early career scholars working on private law.
Rome is where the history of European architecture was written. The
foundations were laid in ancient Roman times when the first
attempts were made to design interiors which could be experienced
as something physical. Ancient Roman architects also started to
develop building types that are still valid today, thus creating
the cornerstone of later Western architecture. This guide has been
arranged chronologically. Every epoch is preceded by an
introduction that identifies its key features. This produces a
continuous, lavishly illustrated history of the architecture of
Rome, indeed, the whole of the West. The book includes an
alphabetical index and detailed maps, whose information does not
just immediately illustrate the historical picture, but also makes
it possible to choose a personal route through history. In order to
clarify the historical development, the key buildings of each
period and other major works are emphasised both in the text and on
the maps.
Der vorliegende Band präsentiert die Beiträge der Tagung zum
Thema "Elektronische Wertpapiere", die das Institut für das Recht
der Digitalisierung (IRDi) 2021 in Berlin veranstaltete. Das
"Gesetz über elektronische Wertpapiere" (eWpG) folgt dem Weg
anderer Staaten hin zur Dematerialisierung des Wertpapierrechts,
indem es das Erfordernis einer traditionellen Wertpapierurkunde
aufgibt und damit einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Modernisierung und
Digitalisierung des deutschen Wertpapierrechts leistet. Ein
besonderer Fokus liegt auf den mittels Distributed
Ledger-Technologien emittierten sog. Kryptowertpapieren, für die
das eWpG einen kodifizierten rechtlichen Rahmen geschaffen hat. Die
Verfasser des Tagungsbandes sind Spezialisten aus Wissenschaft und
Praxis. Sie unterziehen das eWpG einer kritischen Analyse für
praxisgerechte Regulierungen. Der Tagungsband berücksichtigt neben
zivil- und aufsichtsrechtlichen Aspekten auch die ökonomischen und
internationalen Bezüge.
"This book is an attempt at architectural criticism" that is how
Robert Venturi opened the discussion on Post-Modernism in
architecture in Complexity and Contradiction in Architecturea
generation ago. And this was a typical beginning. Criticism of the
Modern movement by architects like Le Corbusier Mies van der Rohe
and to extent Frank Lloyd Wright as well that had preceded it was
central to Post-Modernism. Soon the architectural historians joined
in with the architects, particularly Charles Jencks in the
English-speaking world and Heinrich Klotz in Germany. Here too
Post-Modern-ism was the start, with three fundamental critical
points about Modernism: fundamental emptiness of its architecture,
its lack of relation to its surroundings and its overemphasis of
functionalism against decoration. And so, even if one does not use
pamphlets like Tom Wolfe's or Jencks' early work as a yardstick,
the image of the buildings by what are still the best-known
architects of our century is strongly overshadowed. The truth is
that the International Style reflects the basic forces that
architecture can express extraordinarily impressively and al-ways
with decided interplay, and thus also with a pronounced unity of
effect; and additionally it develops these formal values especially
intensively from content. Traditionally such things are called
classical. What followed this, the whole spectrum of styles from
late Modernism via High-Tech and Deconstructivism to Post-Modernism
is all a reaction to the unity of the International Style: either
one point in terms of form or content is taken out, exaggerated and
thus made into its opposite, or such a point is consciously
negated. Until now this phenomenon has been known as Mannerism to
art historians. What is characteristic of Baroque as the period
after High Renaissance Classicism and Mannerism is less clear; in
any case, entirely positive aspects of both found their way into
Baroque, and undoubtedly the latter is closer to High Re-naissance
Classicism in spirit than to Mannerism. Cannot similar things be
seen in the last bare decade of architectural develop-ment? The
foundations for this book were laid during a good year's re-search
at the University of California in Berkeley. The author now holds a
chair at the Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg.
German civil law political theory is not in high demand these days.
However, political theory is important for establishing an overall
picture of German civil law and portraying an image of German civil
law to Europe and beyond. This is especially true in times when
ideas are widely circulated and the circulation itself can be
useful for influencing transnational legal realities. The collected
essays on German civil law instructors presented in this work aim
to contribute to just such a political theory. This two volume
edition is based on the lecture series a oe20th Century German
Civil Law Instructors Described by their Studentsa that was held at
the Humboldt-UniversitAt Berlin, the Europa-UniversitAt Viadrina at
Frankfurt (Oder), and the Ruhr-UniversitAt Bochum.
This compilation of texts on European private law makes available
to both students and practitioners alike a comprehensive paperback
edition of good value focused on the core fields of European
private law: contract law, employment law, and corporate law. This
edition's special advantage is that it is available in one volume.
The current financial crisis is preoccupying business and politics
like no prior crisis. The economic effects are being felt on
global, European, and national levels and are forcing governments
to take extreme counter-measures. The long-term goal is not merely
stabilization but rather to stabilize the financial system. System
stability requires a regulatory framework that can comprehensively
prevent possible future crises. For the first time at a conference
held at the Humboldt-University in Berlin, leading experts from the
legal and economic academic fields discussed the common effects and
impact of the financial crisis on the (future) economic system.
German civil law political theory is not in high demand these days.
However, political theory is important for establishing an overall
picture of German civil law and portraying an image of German civil
law to Europe and beyond. This is especially true in times when
ideas are widely circulated and the circulation itself can be
useful for influencing transnational legal realities. The collected
essays on German civil law instructors presented in this work aim
to contribute to just such a political theory. This two volume
edition is based on the lecture series a oe20th Century German
Civil Law Instructors Described by their Studentsa that was held at
the Humboldt-UniversitAt Berlin, the Europa-UniversitAt Viadrina at
Frankfurt (Oder), and the Ruhr-UniversitAt Bochum.
[Writings pertaining to European and international private, banking
and commercial law] Europeanization and internationalization
challenge the realm of jurisprudence to an extraordinary degree.
The division in special fields and the relationship with other
social sciences necessitate critical reevaluation in view of many
interactions. Cross-references between commercial law regulation
and private, autonomous arrangement distinctly show this
development. Jurisprudence emerging beyond Germany has to deal with
such challenges. The law of financial services serves as an example
of the cross-section material from private law and (public)
commercial law. This takes into account the series at hand in terms
of content and method. In addition to banking, capital market and
financial law as the main emphasis, corporate law, competition
& cartel law, intangible property rights, insolvency law and
also labor law show similar overlaps. The intensive
internationally-oriented treatment of the overlaps of classical
private law - in particular contractual law - and commercial law
promise a bountiful yield, especially on the European level under
the summarizing aspect of corporate law. The outstanding monography
also finds its place in the series, as well as the conference
volume, works in German and also occasional works in English. There
are economically-aligned works in addition to juridical works
constituting the main emphasis. Works pertaining to Europeanization
and internationalization are compiled in the series, which convey
commercial law and commercially-conceived private law in an
outstanding manner.
Die Frage nach der Privatautonomie und ihren Grenzen spielt seit
jeher eine bedeutende Rolle in den nationalen Vertrags- und
Privatrechten. Auf europaischer Ebene dominieren Regeln, die zwar
die Informationenpreisgabe zwingend vorschreiben, die Bestimmung
des Vertragsinhalts dann jedoch wieder den Parteien uberantworten.
Dieses Grundsatzthema uber Geist und Funktionieren des
Binnenmarktes, mit dem nach einer moeglichst weitgehenden Erhaltung
von Freiheit bei gleichzeitiger Verburgung der notwendigen
Schutzziele gefragt ist, ist Gegenstand des vorliegenden Bandes. Es
wird hier von Rechtswissenschaftlern und OEkonomen aus
verschiedenen Mitgliedstaaten und den U.S.A. eroertert. Zentraler
Betrachtungsgegenstand ist die Informationsregel und ihre
Ausgestaltung. Insgesamt vereint der Band zweierlei, zum einen die
Grundsatzdiskussion - rechtswissenschaftlich, europarechtlich und
oekonomisch - zum Regelungsansatz im Recht des Binnenmarkthandels
und zum wichtigsten Instrument, der Informationsregel mit ihrer
freiheitserhaltenden Grundausrichtung. Andererseits bietet er eine
dogmatische Aufbereitung wesentlicher Teile des Rechts des
Binnenmarkthandels, des Europaischen Schuldvertragsrechts.
General clauses or standards (Generalklauseln, clauses generales)
are legal rules which are not precisely formulated, terms and
concepts which in fact do not even have a clear core. They are
often applied in varying degrees in various legal systems to a
rather wide range of contract cases when certain issues arise -
issues such as abuse of rights, unfairness, good faith, fairness of
duty or loyalty or honesty, duty of care, and other such contract
terms not lending themselves readily to clear or permanent
definition. Here, for the first time, is a systematic discussion of
this kind of rule in the evolving and dynamic context of European
contract law. A collection of twelve insightful essays by leading
European law authorities, the book is based on a conference
organized jointly by the Society of European Contract Law (SECOLA)
and l'Association Henri Capitant, held in the 'grande salle' of the
French Supreme Court in Paris in 2005. The subject is approached
along three distinct but interconnected avenues: comparative
contract law, in which the different models to be found among
Member States - particularly the Germanic, French, and English
common law systems - are explored with an eye to differences and
common ground; EC contract law, in which the general clause
approach has tended to focus on labour law and consumer law, and in
which the European Court of Justice more and more assumes the final
say; and, the European codification dimension, in which a potential
instrument on the European level would compete with national laws
and develop closely with them. The authors demonstrate that a focus
on general clauses in contract law, embracing as it does a wide
range of types of contracts, helps enormously with the necessary
integration of legal scholarship and economic approaches, and of
legal science and legal practice in the field. Numerous analytic
references to relevant cases and EC Directives give a practical
impetus to the far-reaching but immediately applicable theory
presented in this important book. As European contract law
continues to develop rapidly, this seminal contribution is sure to
increase in value and usefulness.
European Sales Law: Challenges in the 21st Century covers more than
two decades of EU sales law history. When the project of a
full-fledged (optional) EU Sales Law Code failed, the central ideas
were taken up in preparing the 2019/770 Digital Content Directive
and the 2019/771 Sale of Goods Directive. The digital content part
attracted considerably more attention whereas the sales part
arguably included the more doctrinal and foundational reform of EU
Sales Law, first enshrined in the 1999/44 Directive. This volume
focuses on the sales reform. After 20 years, the novelties range
from more detailed structures, to completely new phenomena such as
goods with digital components, as well as innovative policies like
sustainability in the design of contract law. The contributions
discuss important aspects of this doctrinal and policy
design-oriented reform of EU sales law. The volume also examines
the system-building in this renewal and in the challenges ahead, as
well as the changes still needed to complete such policy reform.
Proposed changes range from a new typology of goods to their
modified conformity criteria, and continues with the context of
networks of distribution contracts and the remedies all now more
related to durability and digital contexts. Finally, the book
discusses the radical alternative, i.e. servitisation contracts,
which put goods at permanent disposal for sharing.
New Private Law Theory opens a new pathway to private law theory
through a pluralistic approach. Such a theory needs a broad and
stable foundation, which the authors have built here through a
canon of nearly seventy texts of reference. This book brings these
different texts from different disciplines into conversation with
each other, grouping them around central questions of private law
and at the same time integrating them with the legal doctrinal
analysis of example cases. This book will be accessible to both
experienced and early career scholars working on private law.
This compilation of texts on European private law makes available
to both students and practitioners alike a comprehensive paperback
edition of good value focused on the core fields of European
private law: contract law, employment law, and corporate law. This
edition's special advantage is that it is available in one volume.
Two major developments in European Private and European Business
Law come together when we speak about "Constitutional Values and
European Contract Law." European Contract Law has become extremely
dynamic over the last 10 years, both in substance and perspective:
all core areas are considered now in legal science and in EC
legislation, and there are even the prospects of some kind of
codification.
On the other hand, constitutional values and their impact on
private law have been an issue of high concern in major Member
States over decades, namely Italy and Germany, but as well the
Netherlands - hence the strong presence of scholars and practising
lawyers from these countries in this book. Constitutional values
have, however, found their way to the EC level and the national
discussions have inspired a European one, with three core values
discussed:
- Fundamental Freedoms,
- Fundamental rights and
- Constitutional system building principles- such as the social
welfare state or the rule of law.
Their impact on private law can be sensed nowadays quite
considerably also on the European level. These fundamental values
are often seen as the ingredient, which renders European Private
Law, namely European Contract Law, more responsive to social values
or more "humane."
For all these reasons, the book combines comparative law, EC Law
and interdisciplinary approaches to the question "Constitutional
Values and European Contract Law." Outstanding scholars from six
Member States and beyond - quite a few also practising lawyers -
discuss the issue and do so for the first time on such a broad and
all encompassing basis.
The ongoing debate on the harmonisation of European contract law
has metamorphosed into an important recognition: that none of the
existing national systems of contract law, even the most 'modern,'
have been able to keep pace with the extensive and radical changes
in the world which contract law must reflect. The nineteen
outstanding contributors to this deeply insightful book concur in
envisioning a fundamentally new systematic concept of contract law
that, while preserving the essential 'architecture' of the existing
European codes, would nonetheless find cogent ways to integrate
such modern developments as mass transactions, chains and networks
of contracts, regulation of markets and contracts to protect
consumers, and service and long-term contracts into an optional
European code. The book is organised along three major avenues: the
systematic arrangement of a contract law code - how it deals with
core questions of formation and performance or breach of contract,
such as mistake and misrepresentation, standard contract terms, and
remedies in the case of breach of contract; the apparent necessity
to merge consumer contract law (i.e., such issues as product safety
and liability, warranties, and consumer debt and insolvency) with
traditional core contract law concepts; and, the importance to
substantive contract law of the pre-contractual phase, in which
information duties are becoming steadily more paramount. The
authors' perspectives cover a wide range of jurisdictions,
including new EU Member States. The book's overall commitment to an
integration of comparative law, EC law, and the debate on European
codification gives it both an authority and an immediacy that offer
interested practitioners and academics fertile ground for the
development of a new model of contract law that is more than a
common denominator of what has been in force so far, a model which
might serve as a basis for Europe-wide and perhaps even worldwide
discussion.
The Contract is the core tool of governance in a free market
economy. An EU Contract Law Code is now on the political agenda
because all three legislative bodies in the EU and most member
states favour it in principle. In its communication of July 2001,
the Commission proposed three major options: to enhance the
existing EC Contract Law by eliminating inconsistencies;
introducing a European Code which substitutes national laws; and
introducing a European code which only supplements national laws.
This book achieves three things: For the first time, European
academia is discussing these three options in an extensive and
systematic way - with pros and cons, in a transparent and
systematic way, along broad lines and often also important details.
The book contains the views of all protagonists - from all those
who really drafted the models to all those who illustrated the
potential of decentralized rule-making and invented the very idea
of an Optional Code. And it is the first book in which the optional
Code, which is the alternative most likely to come, is thoroughly
analysed at all. The book also contains a full map of design
possibilities. It is the executive summary of what European
academia thinks of the future of European Contract Law and a
European Code. It is the Academic Green Paper on European Contract
Law.
In 2012, at the height of the sovereign debt crisis, European
decision makers pushed for developing an 'ever closer union' with
the formation of a European Banking Union (BU). Although it
provoked widespread debate, to date there has been no coherent
discussion of the political and constitutional dimensions of the
European Banking Union. This important new publication fills this
gap. Drawing on the expertise of recognised experts in the field,
it explores banking union from legal, economic and political
perspectives. It takes a four-part approach. Firstly, it sets the
scene by examining the constitutional foundations of banking union.
Then in parts 2 and 3, it looks at the implications of banking
union for European integration and for democracy. Finally it asks
whether banking union might be more usefully regarded as a
trade-off between integration and democracy. This is an important,
timely and authoritative collection.
In 2012, at the height of the sovereign debt crisis, European
decision makers pushed for developing an 'ever closer union' with
the formation of a European Banking Union (BU). Although it
provoked widespread debate, to date there has been no coherent
discussion of the political and constitutional dimensions of the
European Banking Union. This important new publication fills this
gap. Drawing on the expertise of recognised experts in the field,
it explores banking union from legal, economic and political
perspectives. It takes a four-part approach. Firstly, it sets the
scene by examining the constitutional foundations of banking union.
Then in parts 2 and 3, it looks at the implications of banking
union for European integration and for democracy. Finally it asks
whether banking union might be more usefully regarded as a
trade-off between integration and democracy. This is an important,
timely and authoritative collection.
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Recht, Architektur Und Kunst - Direito, Arquitetura E Arte (German, Paperback)
Christian Baldus, Rui Pereira Dias, Stefan Grundmann, Jan Dirk Harke, Claudia Lima Marques, …
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