This book focuses on the process of creating and educating innovation leaders through specialized programs, which are offered by leading academic schools. Accordingly, the book is divided into two parts. While the first part provides the theoretical foundations of why and how innovation leaders should be created, the second part presents evidence that these foundations can already be found in the programs of ten top-level universities. Part one consists of six chapters following a rigorous plan of content development, addressing topics ranging from (1) innovation, to (2) the settings where innovation occurs, (3) innovation leadership, (4) the need to change education, (5) a taxonomy of advanced educational experiences, and (6) cases of positive vs negative innovation leadership in the context of complex problems. Here the authors show that a new kind of innovation leadership is urgently needed, how it can be created, and how it is put into action. The second part is a collection of invited chapters that describe in detail ten leading academic programs: their objectives, curricular organization, enrollment procedures, and impact on students. Selected programs include four North American institutions (Stanford's d.school, Harvard's Multidisciplinary Engineering Faculty, Philadelphia University, OCAD's Master of Design on Strategic Foresight & Innovation), five European institutions (Alta Scuola Politecnica of Milano and Torino, the EIT Master Program, Paris' d.school, Brighton's Interdisciplinary Design Program, Aalto University) and the Mission D program at Tongji University in China. The book is dedicated to all those who recognize the need to provide stimuli regarding innovation and innovation leadership, primarily but not exclusively in academia. These include, but are not limited to, professors, deans and provosts of academic institutions, managers at private organizations and government policy-makers - in short, anyone who is engaged in promoting innovation within their own organization, and who feels the need to expand the intellectual and practical toolbox they use in this demanding and exciting endeavor.

This book focuses on the process of creating and educating innovation leaders through specialized programs, which are offered by leading academic schools. Accordingly, the book is divided into two parts. While the first part provides the theoretical foundations of why and how innovation leaders should be created, the second part presents evidence that these foundations can already be found in the programs of ten top-level universities. Part one consists of six chapters following a rigorous plan of content development, addressing topics ranging from (1) innovation, to (2) the settings where innovation occurs, (3) innovation leadership, (4) the need to change education, (5) a taxonomy of advanced educational experiences, and (6) cases of positive vs negative innovation leadership in the context of complex problems. Here the authors show that a new kind of innovation leadership is urgently needed, how it can be created, and how it is put into action. The second part is a collection of invited chapters that describe in detail ten leading academic programs: their objectives, curricular organization, enrollment procedures, and impact on students. Selected programs include four North American institutions (Stanford's d.school, Harvard's Multidisciplinary Engineering Faculty, Philadelphia University, OCAD's Master of Design on Strategic Foresight & Innovation), five European institutions (Alta Scuola Politecnica of Milano and Torino, the EIT Master Program, Paris' d.school, Brighton's Interdisciplinary Design Program, Aalto University) and the Mission D program at Tongji University in China. The book is dedicated to all those who recognize the need to provide stimuli regarding innovation and innovation leadership, primarily but not exclusively in academia. These include, but are not limited to, professors, deans and provosts of academic institutions, managers at private organizations and government policy-makers - in short, anyone who is engaged in promoting innovation within their own organization, and who feels the need to expand the intellectual and practical toolbox they use in this demanding and exciting endeavor.

With the proliferation of huge amounts of (heterogeneous) data on the Web, the importance of information retrieval (IR) has grown considerably over the last few years. Big players in the computer industry, such as Google, Microsoft and Yahoo!, are the primary contributors of technology for fast access to Web-based information; and searching capabilities are now integrated into most information systems, ranging from business management software and customer relationship systems to social networks and mobile phone applications. Ceri and his co-authors aim at taking their readers from the foundations of modern information retrieval to the most advanced challenges of Web IR. To this end, their book is divided into three parts. The first part addresses the principles of IR and provides a systematic and compact description of basic information retrieval techniques (including binary, vector space and probabilistic models as well as natural language search processing) before focusing on its application to the Web. Part two addresses the foundational aspects of Web IR by discussing the general architecture of search engines (with a focus on the crawling and indexing processes), describing link analysis methods (specifically Page Rank and HITS), addressing recommendation and diversification, and finally presenting advertising in search (the main source of revenues for search engines). The third and final part describes advanced aspects of Web search, each chapter providing a self-contained, up-to-date survey on current Web research directions. Topics in this part include meta-search and multi-domain search, semantic search, search in the context of multimedia data, and crowd search. The book is ideally suited to courses on information retrieval, as it covers all Web-independent foundational aspects. Its presentation is self-contained and does not require prior background knowledge. It can also be used in the context of classic courses on data management, allowing the instructor to cover both structured and unstructured data in various formats. Its classroom use is facilitated by a set of slides, which can be downloaded from www.search-computing.org.

With the proliferation of huge amounts of (heterogeneous) data on the Web, the importance of information retrieval (IR) has grown considerably over the last few years. Big players in the computer industry, such as Google, Microsoft and Yahoo , are the primary contributors of technology for fast access to Web-based information; and searching capabilities are now integrated into most information systems, ranging from business management software and customer relationship systems to social networks and mobile phone applications.

Ceri and his co-authors aim at taking their readers from the foundations of modern information retrieval to the most advanced challenges of Web IR. To this end, their book is divided into three parts. The first part addresses the principles of IR and provides a systematic and compact description of basic information retrieval techniques (including binary, vector space and probabilistic models as well as natural language search processing) before focusing on its application to the Web. Part two addresses the foundational aspects of Web IR by discussing the general architecture of search engines (with a focus on the crawling and indexing processes), describing link analysis methods (specifically Page Rank and HITS), addressing recommendation and diversification, and finally presenting advertising in search (the main source of revenues for search engines). The third and final part describes advanced aspects of Web search, each chapter providing a self-contained, up-to-date survey on current Web research directions. Topics in this part include meta-search and multi-domain search, semantic search, search in the context of multimedia data, and crowd search.

The book is ideally suited to courses on information retrieval, as it covers all Web-independent foundational aspects. Its presentation is self-contained and does not require prior background knowledge. It can also be used in the context of classic courses on data management, allowing the instructor to cover both structured and unstructured data in various formats. Its classroom use is facilitated by a set of slides, which can be downloaded from www.search-computing.org.

Search computing, which has evolved from service computing, focuses on building the answers to complex search queries by interacting with a constellation of cooperating search services, using the ranking and joining of results as the dominant factors for service composition. The field is multi-disciplinary in nature and takes advantage of contributions from other research areas such as knowledge representation, human-computer interfaces, psychology, sociology, economics, and legal sciences. This book is the third in the Search Computing series and contains a collection of 16 papers, which in most cases were contributed to several workshops during 2011 organized by members of the Search Computing project in the context of major international conferences: ExploreWeb at ICWE 2011, Very Large Data Search and DBRank at VLDB 2011, DATAVIEW at ECOWS 2011, and OrdRing at ISWC 2011. The papers provide very useful insights on search computing problems and issues. The book has been divided into four parts focussing on: extraction and integration; query and visualization paradigms; exploring linked data; and games, social search and economics.

The topic of logic programming and databases. has gained in creasing interest in recent years. Several events have marked the rapid evolution of this field: the selection, by the Japanese Fifth Generation Project, of Prolog and of the relational data model as the basis for the development of new machine archi tectures; the focusing of research in database theory on logic queries and on recursive query processing; and the pragmatic, application-oriented development of expert database systems and of knowledge-base systems. As a result, an enormous amount of work has been produced in the recent literature, coupled with the spontaneous growth of several advanced projects in this area. The goal of this book is to present a systematic overview of a rapidly evolving discipline, which is presently not described with the same approach in other books. We intend to introduce stu dents and researchers to this new discipline; thus we use a plain, tutorial style, and complement the description of algorithms with examples and exercises. We attempt to achieve a balance be tween theoretical foundations and technological issues; thus we present a careful introduction to the new language Datalog, but we also focus on the efficient interfacing of logic programming formalisms (such as Prolog and Datalog) with large databases.

Search computing, which has evolved from service computing, focuses on building the answers to complex search queries by interacting with a constellation of cooperating search services, using ranking and joining of results as the dominant factors for service composition. The field is multi-disciplinary in nature, and takes advantage of contributions from other research areas such as knowledge representation, human-computer interfaces, psychology, sociology, economics and legal sciences. The book is divided into three parts. The first part includes some visionary contributions on the latest trends in search, which is becoming increasingly task-oriented and is starting to use ontological knowledge in order to manage complex queries. The second part explores background and related technologies, which can be considered as parallel fields of research, useful both for setting the theoretical premises for search computing and for providing a technological framework for building search computing systems and applications. The third part delves into the conceptual and technological problems and issues arising when dealing with search computing as a new search paradigm. It provides a unified view of the results of the Search Computing project as achieved exactly one year after its starting date.

This yearmarks anexciting time in the XML-database space: XQueryis moving closer to becoming a full W3C Recommendation, and the "Big 3" database vendors (IBM, Oracle, Microsoft) are expected to release XQuery support in theirrelationalDBMSs, joininganumberofexistingopensourceandcommercial products. Thus, we are very pleased to feature an industrial paper (describing theXML-speci?cfeaturesofMicrosoftSQLServer)aswellas14researchpapers. XSym's focus this year was on building XML repositories, and papers discussed the following topics: indexing support for the evaluation of XPath and XQuery; benchmarks and algorithms for XQuery and XPath evaluation; algorithms for constraint satisfaction checking, information extraction, and subtree matching; and applications of XML in information systems. This year, XSym also coordinated its e?orts with the Database and P- gramming Languages Symposium, DBPL 2005. The resulting program included not only presentations of the papers in this proceedings, but also a joint DBPL- XSym keynote talk by Giuseppe Castagna, developer of the CDuce language for XML processing, and a joint panel on open XML research problems and challenges. The organizers would like to express their gratitude to the XSym Program Committee and external reviewers for their e?orts in providing very thorough evaluationsofthesubmittedpapersundersigni?canttimeconstraintsandto- crosoftfortheirsponsorshipandfortheuseoftheMicrosoftConferenceMana- ment Toolkit. We would also like to thank Gavin Bierman and Christoph Koch, the organizersof DBPL, for their e?orts andtheir willingness to coordinate with us. These proceedings are dedicated to Alberto Mendelzon who sadly passed awaythisyear.Asastrongsupporterofandactivecontributortothissymposium series he will always remain in our memory.

This volume contains the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases. Its central tenet is that the object-oriented and deductive paradigms for modeling, organizing, and processing data complement each other, rather than competing, and that problems involving massive volumes of complex data can best be solved by integrating the best of both approaches. Central questions in the area are: - How do we design a tool that presents the best of the object-oriented and declarative ideas? - How can the users of this tool express their problems in a combination of declarative and procedural features? The volume includes 29 papers that contribute towards answering these questions.

This volume represents the outcome of the International Conference on "Extending Database Technology," held in Venice, Italy, in March 1988. It contains the major dimensions into which database technology is currently being pushed by the needs of new applications and pulled by the chances of novel developments in hardware and systems architecture. The two broad areas covered are: extended database semantics: data models and data types, databases and logic, complex objects, and expert system approaches to databases; and new architectures and increased database systems support: novel transaction models, data distribution and replication, database administration and access efficiency. Since an increasing amount of database research and development is done through international cooperation and within joint projects (ESPRIT, EUREKA, industrial cooperations), a substantial part of the book is dedicated to representing about a dozen advanced database projects on data- and knowledge-based systems and on distributed database applications by their aims, status, and results.

Search computing, which has evolved from service computing, focuses on building the answers to complex search queries by interacting with a constellation of cooperating search services, using the ranking and joining of results as the dominant factors for service composition. The field is multi-disciplinary in nature and takes advantage of contributions from other research areas such as knowledge representation, human-computer interfaces, psychology, sociology, economics, and legal sciences. This book, the second in the Search Computing series, describes the evolution of theories, technologies, and methods related to search computing. The book has been divided into eight parts, reflecting the main research directions within the Search Computing project. The parts focus on: search as an information exploration task; interaction design issues when dealing with multi-domain search results; modeling and semantic description of search services; the rank-join problem; query processing techniques and architectures; tools and mashups for application development; the application of search computing to bio-informatics; and the exploitation potentials of project results.

The most prominent Web applications in use today are data-intensive. Scores of database management systems across the Internet access and maintain large amounts of structured data for e-commerce, on-line trading, banking, digital libraries, and other high-volume sites.
Developing and maintaining these data-intensive applications is an especially complex, multi-disciplinary activity, requiring all the tools and techniques that software engineering can provide. This book represents a breakthrough for Web application developers. Using hundreds of illustrations and an elegant intuitive modeling language, the authors-all internationally-known database researchers-present a methodology that fully exploits the conceptual modeling approach of software engineering, from idea to application. Readers will learn not only how to harness the design technologies of relational databases for use on the Web, but also how to transform their conceptual designs of data-intensive Web applications into effective software components.
* A fully self-contained introduction and practitioner's guide suitable for both technical and non-technical members of staff, as well as students.
* A methodology, development process, and notation (WebML) based on common practice but optimized for the unique challenges of high-volume Web applications.
* Completely platform- and product-independent; even the use of WebML is optional.
* Based on well-known industry standards such as UML and the Entity Relationship Model.
* Enhanced by its own Web site (http: //www.webml.org), containing additional examples, papers, teaching materials, developers' resources, and exercises with solutions.