This collection of essays provides a sophisticated and accessible introduction to the moral theories of the ancient world. It covers the ethical theories of all the major philosophers and schools from the earliest times to the Hellenistic philosophers. A substantial introduction considers the question of what is distinctive about ancient ethics.

This second Companion deals with the ancient theories of the psyche. The essays range over more than eight hundred years of psychological inquiry and provide critical analyses not only of the ancient discussions of the nature of the psyche and its states, but of such central topics as perception, subjectivity, the explanation of action, and what it is to be a person. In examining the wide variety of psychological theories offered by the ancient thinkers, from the increasingly complex materialism of the Presocratics and Hellenists to the dualism of Plato and Plotinus, the collection demonstrates that psychology had become a wide-ranging and sophisticated discipline long before Descartes.

This new collection of Aristotle's political writings provides the student with all the necessary materials for a full understanding of his work as a political scientist. Not only does it offer an unusually lucid and accessible account of The Politics, it also shows the relation between this and his studies as a constitutional historian. Only one of Aristotle's many constitutions - The Constitution of Athens -has survived and this is now presented here alongside The Politics so that the student can appreciate both the empirical and the theoretical aspects of Aristotle's political science. This expanded Cambridge Texts edition contains an extensive guide to further reading and an index of names with biographical notes, in addition to a revised and extended introduction. Presentation of The Politics and The Constitution of Athens in a single volume will make this the most attractive and convenient student edition of these seminal works currently available.

This volume is devoted to ancient theories of language. The chapters range over more than eight hundred years of philosophical enquiry, and provide critical analyses of all the principal accounts of how it is that language can have meaning and how we can come to acquire linguistic understanding. The discussions move from the naturalism examined in Plato's Cratylus to the sophisticated theories of the Hellenistic schools and the work of St. Augustine. The relations between thought about language and metaphysics, philosophy of mind and the development of grammar are also explored.

This second Companion deals with the ancient theories of the psyche. The essays range over more than eight hundred years of psychological enquiry and provide critical analyses not only of the ancient discussions of the nature of the psyche and its states, but of such central topics as perception, subjectivity, the explanation of action, and what it is to be a person. In examining the wide variety of the different psychological theories offered by the ancient thinkers, from the increasingly complex materialism of the Presocratics and Hellenistics to the dualism of Plato and Plotinus, the collection demonstrates that psychology had become a wide-ranging and sophisticated discipline long before Descartes. The essays will be of interest not only to ancient philosophers but also to all those studying psychology and its history.

A broad range of epistemological views, from the extreme relativism of Protagoras to the skepticism of the Pyrrhonists, is explored in critical essays that span sixth century B.C. to the second and third centuries A.D.

Stephen Everson presents a comprehensive new study of Aristotle's account of perception. which he places in the context of Aristotle's natural philosophy as a whole. This account is Aristotle's most sustained and detailed attempt to describe and explain the behaviour of living things, and is the focus of current debate about his theory of mind.

This new collection of Aristotle's political writings provides the student with all the necessary materials for a full understanding of his work as a political scientist. Not only does it offer an unusually lucid and accessible account of The Politics, it also shows the relation between this and his studies as a constitutional historian. Only one of Aristotle's many constitutions - The Constitution of Athens -has survived and this is now presented here alongside The Politics so that the student can appreciate both the empirical and the theoretical aspects of Aristotle's political science. This expanded Cambridge Texts edition contains an extensive guide to further reading and an index of names with biographical notes, in addition to a revised and extended introduction. Presentation of The Politics and The Constitution of Athens in a single volume will make this the most attractive and convenient student edition of these seminal works currently available.

Stephen Everson presents a comprehensive new study of Aristotle's account of perception and related mental capacities. Recent debate about Aristotle's theory of mind has focused on this account, which is Aristotle's most sustained and detailed attempt to describe and explain the behaviour of living things. Everson places it in the context of Aristotle's natural science as a whole, showing how he applies the explanatory tools developed in other works to the study of perceptual cognition. Everson demonstrates that, contrary to the claims of many recent scholars, Aristotle is indeed concerned to explain perceptual activity as the activity of a living body, in terms of material changes in the organs which possess the various perceptual capacities. By emphasizing the unified nature of the perceptual system, Everson is able to explain how Aristotle accounts for our ability to perceive not only such things as colours and sounds but material objects in our environment. This rich and broad-ranging book will be essential reading not only for students of Aristotle's theory of mind but for all those concerned to understand the explanatory principles of his natural science.