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Ever since Captain Cook sailed into the Great Southern Ocean in
1773, mankind has sought to push back the boundaries of Antarctic
exploration. The first expeditions tried simply to chart
Antarctica's coastline, but then the Sixth International
Geographical Congress of 1895 posed a greater challenge: the
conquest of the continent itself. Many would die in the attempt.
Icy Graves uses the tragic tales not only of famous explorers like
Robert Falcon Scott and Aeneas Mackintosh, but also of many
lesser-known figures, both British and international, to plot the
forward progress of Antarctic exploration. It tells, often in their
own words, the compelling stories of the brave men and women who
have fallen in what Sir Ernest Shackleton called the 'White Warfare
of the South'.
Born Adventurer tells the story of Frank Bickerton (1889-1954), the
British engineer on Sir Douglas Mawson's Australasian Antarctic
Expedition of 1911-14. The expedition gave birth to what Sir
Ranulph Fiennes has called 'one of the greatest accounts of polar
survival in history' and surveyed for the first time the 2,000-mile
stretch of coast around Cape Denison, which later became Adelie
Land. The MBE was, however, only one episode in a rich and
colourful career. Bickerton accompanied the ill-fated Aeneas
Mackintosh on a treasure island hunt to R.L. Stevenson's Treasure
Island, was involved with the early stages of Sir Ernest
Shackleton's ill-fated Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, and
tested 'wingless aeroplanes' in Norway. Born Adventurer follows him
through his many experiences, from his flying career in the First
World War to his time in California, mixing with the aristocracy of
the Hollywood and sporting worlds, and from his safaris in Africa
to his distinguished career as an editor and screenplay writer at
Shepperton Studios. Stephen Haddelsey draws on unique access to
family papers and Bickerton's journals and letters to give us a
rich and full account of this incredible adventurer and colourful
man.
As Shackleton watched his ship Endurance become trapped in the ice
floes of the Weddell Sea, on the other side of Antarctica the
expedition's second ship, Aurora, suffered an equally terrifying
fate. Under the command of J.R. Stenhouse, the Aurora was torn from
her moorings and driven out to sea, becoming trapped in pack ice.
For ten months the ice sawed at her hull, until, with her rudder
smashed and water cascading from her seams, she broke free and
embarked upon her own extraordinary voyage to safe harbour. In Ice
Captain Stephen Haddelsey reveals both the story of Stenhouse's
achievements aboard the Aurora, but also his many adventures in
later life, from serving as a U-boat hunter in WWI, to digging for
pirate gold and commanding Scott's Discovery. A captivating book
about a fascinating man.
In November 1915, Sir Ernest Shackleton watched horrified as the
grinding ice floes of the Weddell Sea squeezed the life from his
ship, Endurance. Caught in the chaos of splintered wood, buckled
metalwork and tangled rigging lay Shackleton's dream of being the
first man to complete the crossing of Antarctica. Shackleton would
not live to make a second attempt - but his dream endured.
Shackleton's Dream tells for the first time the story of the
British Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, led by Vivian
Fuchs and Sir Edmund Hillary. Forty years after the loss of
Endurance, they set out to succeed where Shackleton had so
heroically failed. Using tracked vehicles and converted farm
tractors in place of Shackleton's man-hauled sledges, they faced a
colossal challenge: a perilous 2,000-mile journey across the most
demanding landscape on the planet. This epic adventure saw two
giants of twentieth-century exploration pitted not only against
Nature at her most hostile, but also against each other. Planned as
a historic (and scientific) continental crossing, the expedition
would eventually develop into a dramatic 'Race to the South Pole' -
a contest as controversial as that of Scott and Amundsen more than
four decades earlier.
Seventy years after the end of World War II, the full story of
Britain's secret Antarctic expedition has still never been told.
Launched in 1943, Operation Tabarin was an expedition to secretly
establish bases, keep a watchful eye on German and Japanese
activities, and curb opportunistic Argentinian incursions. Ivan
Mackenzie Lamb was the expedition's botanist but, until now, his
narrative has never been published. His account provides a
fascinating insight into this top secret military operation. He was
a member of the naval party that established three manned bases, he
remained in the field throughout the operation's two-year duration
and took part in all three major sledging expeditions. After the
war, he used his diary to complete a vivid story of his time in
Antarctica. It is a key eyewitness account and has been illustrated
with contemporary photos and expedition maps. Operation Tabarin is
without doubt one of the most significant expeditions of what might
be described as the 'post-Heroic' phase of Antarctic exploration;
ultimately it would develop into the British Antarctic Survey,
arguably the most important and enduring of all
government-sponsored programmes of research in the Antarctic.
Operation Tabarin also set in train a series of events that would
lead, ultimately, to the Falklands War of 1982.
In 1943, with the German Sixth Army annihilated at Stalingrad and
Rommel's Afrika Korps in full retreat after defeat at El Alamein,
Winston Churchill's War Cabinet met to discuss the opening of a new
front. Its battles would be fought not on the beaches of Normandy
or in the jungles of Burma but amid the blizzards and glaciers of
the Antarctic. Originally conceived as a means by which to
safeguard the Falkland Islands from Japanese invasion and to deny
harbours in the sub-Antarctic territories to German surface raiders
and U-boats, the expedition also sought to re-assert British
sovereignty in the face of incursions by neutral Argentina. As well
as setting in train a sequence of events that would eventually
culminate in the Falklands War, the British bases secretly
established in 1944 would go on to play a vital part in the Cold
War and lay the foundations for one of the most important and
enduring government-sponsored programmes of scientific research in
the polar regions: the British Antarctic Survey. Based upon
contemporary sources, including official reports and the diaries
and letters of the participants, Operation Tabarin tells for the
first time the story of this, the only Antarctic expedition to be
launched by any of the combatant nations during the Second World
War and one of the most curious episodes in what Ernest Shackleton
called 'the white warfare of the south'.
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