A major development in recent research on the multinational enterprise (MNE) is the increased attention given to the interdependent, differentiated roles of the subsidiaries and their implications for MNE and subsidiary management. Paralleling this development is the shift away from studying subsidiaries as subunits to be controlled by the headquarters to investigating what subsidiaries do and how their activities can help develop firm-specific advantages. This volume includes contributions from leading scholars in the field from North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. Different from the traditional, single-discipline based investigation, it presents a multi-disciplinary approach to researching subsidiary dynamics and its effective management, with a focus on three important issues: the role of the headquarters within the context of subsidiaries as members of a differentiated, interdependent network; the development of subsidiary capabilities and their impact on firm performance; and, subsidiaries as learning agents for the MNE, particularly in emerging markets such as China.

State and private employers in New South Wales recognised the convicts' previous occupations, and employed a large proportion of them in the same occupations they had held at home. The women convicts - often classified as prostitutes - in fact brought a range of occupational skills equally as important for the economic development of Australia as those of the male convicts. Once settled in Australia, the convicts consumed a diet, and experienced housing, superior to that received by free men and women at home. The organisation of their work was not very different from that in Britain and Ireland and, while cruel treatment did exist, the likelihood of numerous floggings during their term of sentence is shown to be a myth. Convict workers is a study in comparative history, noting the resemblances and the contrasts with indentured labour, slavery and punitive communities elsewhere. By illuminating the contribution of the convict workers to Australia's economic and social development.

While asthma can't be cured, it can be treated and controlled so that your child can enjoy a healthier, more active life. In this important guide, the experts at the top-ranked children's hospital in the United States clearly explain what asthma is and how parents, caregivers, and young patients can manage it successfully. The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Guide to Asthma features the most up-to-date information on the disease and the keys to optimal preventive treatment-controlling environmental conditions that trigger symptoms, making a proactive medical treatment plan, and consistently putting it into action at the first sign of trouble. You'll discover how asthma is diagnosed, what the common triggers are, how to select the best asthma medicines, and how to protect your child in and away from your home to help him or her live a fulfilling childhood that is as symptom-free as possible. This book:
* Reveals how to manage acute and emergency episodes of the disease
* Explains how to asthma-proof your home
* Addresses sports and exercise issues for children with asthma
* Discusses the special needs of toddlers and teens
* Features a series of vignettes about children with asthma
* Includes educational materials and resources, including community support

While asthma can't be cured, it can be treated and controlled so that your child can enjoy a healthier, more active life. In this important guide, the experts at the top-ranked children's hospital in the United States clearly explain what asthma is and how parents, caregivers, and young patients can manage it successfully. The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Guide to Asthma features the most up-to-date information on the disease and the keys to optimal preventive treatment-controlling environmental conditions that trigger symptoms, making a proactive medical treatment plan, and consistently putting it into action at the first sign of trouble. You'll discover how asthma is diagnosed, what the common triggers are, how to select the best asthma medicines, and how to protect your child in and away from your home to help him or her live a fulfilling childhood that is as symptom-free as possible. This book:

• Reveals how to manage acute and emergency episodes of the disease
• Explains how to asthma-proof your home
• Addresses sports and exercise issues for children with asthma
• Discusses the special needs of toddlers and teens
• Features a series of vignettes about children with asthma
• Includes educational materials and resources, including community support

Lauded for gallantry at Antietam and demoted for insubordination after Fredericksburg, Major General William "Baldy" Smith remains a controversial figure of the Civil War. His criticism of the Union high command made him unpopular with both peers and superiors. Yet his insight as an officer and an engineer enabled him to offer effective solutions to challenges faced by fellow generals. In this first comprehensive biography, Smith emerges as a field commander with deep concern for his men and a fearless critic of the failures of the Union generalship, who was recognized for a strategic perspective that helped save Federal armies.