"Oceanic Voices - European Quills" celebrates the linguistic historiography of two Oceanic poles. The northwest Pacific's Chamorro of Guam and the Northern Marianas was the first (16th century), and the southeast Pacific's Rapanui of Easter Island one of the last (19th century) of the Austronesian tongues to inspire linguistic investigation within greater Oceania. These pioneering efforts are honored in nine articles which document, translate, chronicle, describe and analyze the earliest relics from these two island cultures. This collection of articles reveals fundamental insights not only into earlier stages of both Chamorro and Rapanui but also into the very discipline of linguistic historiography in one of Earth's humanly richest and most fascinating regions. "Oceanic Voices - European Quills" wirft ein Schlaglicht auf die Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft an zwei ozeanischen Extremen. Das im nordwestlichen Pazifik gesprochene Chamorro Guams und der Nordlichen Marianen hat als erste austronesische Sprache das Interesse der Sprachforschung gefunden (16. Jhdt.), wahrend das auf der Osterinsel im sudostlichen Pazifik gesprochene Rapanui einer der Nachzugler ist (19. Jhdt.). Im vorliegenden Band werden die Pionierarbeiten zu beiden Sprachen in neun Artikeln gewurdigt, die die fruhesten europaischen Sichtungen dieser beiden Inselkulturen dokumentieren, ubersetzen, beschreiben und analysieren. Es werden grundlegende Einsichten nicht nur in die fruhen Stadien des Chamorro und des Rapanui vermittelt, sondern auch in die Disziplin der Historiographie der Sprachwissenschaft in einer der kulturell reichsten und faszinierendsten Regionen der Erde."

From the earliest scratches on stone and bone to the languages of computers and the internet, A History of Writing offers an investigation into the origin and development of writing throughout the world. Illustrated with numerous examples, this book offers a global overview in a format that everyone can follow. Steven Roger Fischer also reveals his own discoveries made since the early 1980s, making it a useful reference for students and specialists as well as a delightful read for lovers of the written word everywhere.

Tracing the complete story of reading from the age when symbol first became sign through to the electronic texts of the present day, Steven Roger Fischer's fascinating A History of Reading offers a sweeping view across time and geography of our evolving relationship with text. Turning to ancient forms of reading, Fischer takes us to Asia and the Americas and discusses the forms and developments of completely divergent writing systems and scripts. With the Middle Ages in Europe and the Middle East, innovative reinventions of reading emerged--silent and liturgical reading; the custom of lectors; a focus on reading in general education--whereupon printing transformed society's entire attitude toward reading. Fischer charts the explosion of the book trade, its increased audience, and radically changed subject-matter in this era. He also describes the emergence of broadsheets, newspapers, and public readings and traces the effect of new font designs on general legibility, and much more. Finally, Fischer assesses a future in which read communication will likely exceed oral communication through the use of the personal computer and the internet. Looking at "visual language" and modern theories of how reading is processed in the human brain, he asks how the New Reader can reshape reading's fate--suggesting a radical new definition of what reading could be.

It is tempting to take the tremendous rate of contemporary linguistic change for granted. What is required, in fact, is a radical reinterpretation of what language is. Steven Roger Fischer charts the history of language from the times of Homo erectus, Neanderthal humans and Homo sapiens through to the nineteenth century, when the science of linguistics was developed, as he analyses the emergence of language as a science and its development as a written form. He considers the rise of pidgin, creole, jargon and slang, as well as the effects radio and television, propaganda, advertising and the media are having on language today. Originally published in 1999, this new format edition, which includes a new preface by the author, also shows how digital media will continue to reshape and re-invent the ways in which we communicate.

From the earliest scratches on stone and bone to the languages of computers and the internet, "A History of Writing" offers an investigation into the origin and development of writing throughout the world. Commencing with the first stages of information storage knot records, tally sticks, pictographic storytelling the book then focuses on the emergence of complete writing systems in Mesopotamia in the fourth millennium BC, and their diffusion to Egypt, the Indus Valley and points east, with special attention given to Semitic writing systems and their eventual spread to the Indian subcontinent. Also documented is the rise of Phoenician and its effect on the Greek alphabet, generating the many alphabetic scripts of the West. Chinese, Korean and Japanese writing systems and scripts are dealt with in depth, as is writing in pre-Colombian America. Also explored are Western Europe's medieval manuscripts and the history of printing, leading to the innovations in technology and spelling rules of the 19th and 20th centuries. Illustrated with numerous examples, this book offers a global overview in a form that everyone can follow.The author also reveals his own discoveries made since the early 1980s, making it a useful reference for both students and specialists as well as the general reader.

Easter Island's rongorongo script is Oceania's only known writing system predating the 20th century. The author documents comprehensively, for the first time, the history, traditions, and texts of this enigmatic script. His research has taken him all over the world, from St Petersburg to Easter Island itself, to uncover the truth behind one of the world's most fascinating and eloquent graphic achievements.