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This book outlines the importance of political institutions in
achieving good governance within a democratic polity and sets forth
an argument to explore what sorts of institutions do the job best.
By focusing on 'centripetal institutions', which maximize both
representation and authority by bringing political energy and
actors toward the centre of a polity, the authors set forth a
relatively novel theory of democratic governance, applicable to all
political settings in which multi-party competition obtains. Basing
their theory on national-level political institutions, the authors
argue that there are three types of political institutions that are
fundamental in securing a centripetal style of democratic
governance: unitary (rather than federal) sovereignty, a
parliamentary (rather than presidential) executive, and a
closed-list PR electoral system (rather than a single-member
district or preferential-vote system).
Many existing theories of economic liberalization fail to account
for Mexico's experiences. Why has the Mexican government risked
alienating its primary constituencies by pursuing trade opening and
joining NAFTA? Big Business, the State, and Free Trade develops a
general explanation of trade policy coalition politics and uses it
to explain the opening of Mexico's economy. It emphasizes the role
of business and state actors in constructing competing trade policy
coalitions. The book traces the formation and relative strength of
a protectionist and a free trade coalition across a series of
policy episodes from the 1970s to the 1980s. It pays particular
attention to the North American Free Trade Agreement, which
consolidated a strong free trade coalition between big business and
state elites. The conditions that strengthened the free trade
coalition have also contributed to higher levels of political and
economic instability since 1994. Coalition politics is likely to
become more important as Mexico's political system democratizes.
Existing theories of economic liberalization fail to account for Mexico's experiences. Why has the Mexican government risked alienating its primary constituencies by pursuing trade opening and joining NAFTA? Big Business, the State, and Free Trade argues that Mexico's trade reforms are the product of the formation of political coalitions between business and the state in different international contexts. It covers the NAFTA negotiations in detail, with a special case study on the automotive industry. As Mexico democratizes, business-government coalitions will become increasingly important.
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