Clinical practice consensus guidelines for management of heart failure are available from the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, Canadian Cardiovascular Society, and European Society of Cardiology. The guidelines from these organizations, based on evidence from clinical trials and expert agreement, are largely concordant and provide useful information for practitioners. Yet, the organization of the guidelines may confound efforts by a practitioner to determine which specific intervention, or combination of interventions, are most appropriate for an individual patient. As part of the Oxford American Cardiology Library, Heart Failure utilizes the staging of heart failure proposed by the ACC/AHA guidelines as a framework to develop a systematic approach for diagnosis and treatment across a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. Each chapter addresses a different stage in the progression of heart failure and provides a patient-centered description of the appropriate diagnostic and treatment options for that setting. Each chapter also incorporates discussion of the diagnosis and treatment options for both low ejection fraction heart failure patients and preserved ejection fraction heart failure patients, of which the latter group comprises at least 50% of all heart failure cases in clinical practice. Heart Failure restructures the information in the clinical guidelines to a format that is more accessible and clinically useful to practitioners.

Anemia is common among patients with heart failure. The degree of anemia in patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction is associated with a poor prognosis, and anemia in patients with chronic heart failure from any cause has repeatedly been shown to predict a poor outcome.? Heart failure specialists believe that correction of reduced hemoglobin should be studied further to see whether it can help in the management of this serious chronic disease.? This issue brings together all of the most current information about the relationship of anemia to heart failure and the role of anemia treatment in management of heart failure.

Over the past quarter century, dramatic technological advances in the production, manipulation, and dissemination of images have transformed the practices of journalism, entertainment, and advertising as well as the visual environment itself. From digital retouching to wholesale deception, the media world is now beset by an unprecedented range of moral, ethical, legal, and professional challenges. Image Ethics in the Digital Age brings together leading experts in the fields of journalism, media studies, and law to address these challenges and assess their implications for personal and societal values and behavior. Among the issues raised are the threat to journalistic integrity posed by visual editing software; the monopolization of image archives by a handful of corporations and its impact on copyright and fair use laws; the instantaneous electronic distribution of images of dubious provenance around the world; the erosion of privacy and civility under the onslaught of sensationalistic twenty-four-hour television news coverage and entertainment programming; and the increasingly widespread use of surveillance cameras in public spaces. This volume of original essays is vital reading for anyone concerned with the influence of the mass media in the digital age. Contributors: Howard S. Becker; Derek Bouse, Eastern Mediterranean U, Cyprus; Hart Cohen, U of Western Sydney; Jessica M. Fishman; Paul Frosh, Hebrew U of Jerusalem; Faye Ginsburg, New York U; Laura Grindstaff, U of California, Davis; Dianne Hagaman; Sheldon W. Halpern, Ohio State U; Darrell Y. Hamamoto, U of California, Davis; Marguerite Moritz, U of Colorado, Boulder; David D. Perlmutter, Louisiana State U; Dona Schwartz, U of Minnesota; Matthew Soar, Concordia University; Stephen E. Weil, Smithsonian Institution's Center for Education and Museum Studies.

This pathbreaking collection of thirteen original essays examines the moral rights of the subjects of documentary film, photography, and television. Image makers--photographers and filmmakers--are coming under increasing criticism for presenting images of people that are considered intrusive and embarrassing to the subject. Portraying subjects in a "false light," appropriating their images, and failing to secure "informed consent" are all practices that intensify the debate between advocates of the right to privacy and the public's right to know. Discussing these questions from a variety of perspectives, the authors here explore such issues as informed consent, the "right" of individuals and minority groups to be represented fairly and accurately, the right of individuals to profit from their own image, and the peculiar moral obligations of minorities who image themselves and the producers of autobiographical documentaries. The book includes a series of provocative case studies on: the documentaries of Frederick Wiseman, particularly Titicut Follies; British documentaries of the 1930s; the libel suit of General Westmoreland against CBS News; the film Witness and its portrayal of the Amish; the film The Gods Must be Crazy and its portrayal of the San people of southern Africa; and the treatment of Arabs and gays on television. The first book to explore the moral issues peculiar to the production of visual images, Image Ethics will interest a wide range of general readers and students and specialists in film and television production, photography, communications, media, and the social sciences.