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Land represents an important resource for the economic life of a
majority of people in the world. The way people handle and use land
resources impacts their social and economic well-being as well as
the sustained quality of land resources. Land use planning is also
integral to water resources development and management for
agriculture, industry, drinking water, and power generation. This
valuable work brings to the forefront the state of practice of land
use planning in India, highlighting governmental programs and
research with wide-ranging chapters on important topics. Covering
various agro-ecosystem, including irrigated, rainfed, coastal,
semi-arid, arid (drylands), and hill and mountain (temperate)
regions, this volume discusses a variety of issues related to
sustainable agriculture and rural development. Chapters address the
following questions: *What are the sources, scales, and quality of
land resources and land use data for efficient planning * Which are
the agroecological systems hot spots that are have been degraded?
How can these areas be rejuvenated in terms of quality? * What
should be the unit of planning for a holistic approach for the
conservation and efficient use of natural resources at different
administrative levels and domains? * What are the roles of state
land use boards and district planning committees? * How can various
programs be integrated and implemented by central and state
agencies? * What are the technologies, new policies, and support
systems required to address sustainable land use? * What are the
legal issues? * What should be the role of communities in planning
for poverty alleviation and integrated planning for sustainable
agriculture based livelihoods? * What is the role GIS in
sustainable agriculture and rural development? With high population
growth, endemic poverty, and weak existing institutional capacity
for land management, India (and other regions of the world) require
strong scientific and strategically important land use policies and
methods for sustainable development. This book helps to show the
way. This volume is being published in association with the Centre
for Agrarian Studies and Disaster Mitigation of the National
Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRD and PR).
This book highlights current Cannabis research: its botany,
authentication, biotechnology, in vitro propagation, chemistry,
cannabinoids biosynthesis, metabolomics, genomics, biomass
production, quality control, and pharmacology. Cannabis sativa L.
(Family: Cannabaceae) is one of the oldest sources of fiber, food
and medicine. This plant has been of interest to researchers,
general public and media not only due to its medicinal properties
but also the controversy surrounding its illicit use. Cannabis has
a long history of medicinal use in the Middle East and Asia, being
first introduced as a medicine in Western Europe in the early 19th
century. Due to its numerous natural constituents, Cannabis is
considered a chemically complex species. It contains a unique class
of terpeno-phenolic compounds (cannabinoids or phytocannabinoids),
which have been extensively studied since the discovery of the
chemical structure of tetrah ydrocannabinol ( 9-THC), commonly
known as THC, the main constituent responsible for the plant's
psychoactive effects. An additionally important cannabinoid of
current interest is Cannabidiol (CBD). There has been a significant
interest in CBD and CBD oil (extract of CBD rich Cannabis) over the
last few years because of its reported activity as an antiepileptic
agent, particularly its potential use in the treatment of
intractable epilepsy in children.
Plant-based medicines play an important role in all cultures, and
have been indispensable in maintaining health and combating
diseases. The identification of active principles and their
molecular targets from traditional medicine provides an enormous
opportunity for drug development. Using modern biotechnology,
plants with specific chemical compositions can be mass propagated
and genetically improved for the extraction of bulk active
pharmaceuticals. Although there has been significant progress in
the use of biotechnology, using tissue cultures and genetic
transformation to investigate and alter pathways for the
biosynthesis of target metabolites, there are many challenges
involved in bringing plants from the laboratory to successful
commercial cultivation. This book presents the latest advances in
the development of medicinal drugs, including topics such as plant
tissue cultures, secondary metabolite production, metabolomics,
metabolic engineering, bioinformatics and future biotechnological
directions.
Plant-based medicines play an important role in all cultures, and
have been indispensable in maintaining health and combating
diseases. The identification of active principles and their
molecular targets from traditional medicine provides an enormous
opportunity for drug development. Using modern biotechnology,
plants with specific chemical compositions can be mass propagated
and genetically improved for the extraction of bulk active
pharmaceuticals. Although there has been significant progress in
the use of biotechnology, using tissue cultures and genetic
transformation to investigate and alter pathways for the
biosynthesis of target metabolites, there are many challenges
involved in bringing plants from the laboratory to successful
commercial cultivation. This book presents the latest advances in
the development of medicinal drugs, including topics such as plant
tissue cultures, secondary metabolite production, metabolomics,
metabolic engineering, bioinformatics and future biotechnological
directions.
Land represents an important resource for the economic life of a
majority of people in the world. The way people handle and use land
resources impacts their social and economic well-being as well as
the sustained quality of land resources. Land use planning is also
integral to water resources development and management for
agriculture, industry, drinking water, and power generation. This
valuable work brings to the forefront the state of practice of land
use planning in India, highlighting governmental programs and
research with wide-ranging chapters on important topics. Covering
various agro-ecosystem, including irrigated, rainfed, coastal,
semi-arid, arid (drylands), and hill and mountain (temperate)
regions, this volume discusses a variety of issues related to
sustainable agriculture and rural development. Chapters address the
following questions: *What are the sources, scales, and quality of
land resources and land use data for efficient planning * Which are
the agroecological systems hot spots that are have been degraded?
How can these areas be rejuvenated in terms of quality? * What
should be the unit of planning for a holistic approach for the
conservation and efficient use of natural resources at different
administrative levels and domains? * What are the roles of state
land use boards and district planning committees? * How can various
programs be integrated and implemented by central and state
agencies? * What are the technologies, new policies, and support
systems required to address sustainable land use? * What are the
legal issues? * What should be the role of communities in planning
for poverty alleviation and integrated planning for sustainable
agriculture based livelihoods? * What is the role GIS in
sustainable agriculture and rural development? With high population
growth, endemic poverty, and weak existing institutional capacity
for land management, India (and other regions of the world) require
strong scientific and strategically important land use policies and
methods for sustainable development. This book helps to show the
way. This volume is being published in association with the Centre
for Agrarian Studies and Disaster Mitigation of the National
Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRD and PR).
There have been rapid advances in the field of plant biotechnology
in recent years, increasing the potential for medical application.
Covering the latest advances in the use of plants to produce
medicinal drugs and vaccines, this volume examines topics including
plant tissue culture, secondary metabolite production, metabolomics
and metabolic engineering, bioinformatics, molecular farming and
future biotechnological directions, with contributors from key
researchers in the field. "Medicinal Plant Biotechnology" is an
essential reference for researchers in plant biology and
biotechnology, medical sciences and pharmacology.
Indian agriculture is presently at the crossroads in more than one
sense. The share of agriculture in the GDP has been shrinking and
has reached about 15 per cent, while it continues to provide
livelihood support to more than two-thirds of the rural population.
The slowdown in performance of the sector in the recent years is a
cause for concern in the overall agenda for food and income
security. More than 80 per cent of the farmers, mostly with
marginal and small holdings, depend on agriculture as the primary
activity and are highly vulnerable to multiple risks. The
escalating cost of production and unremunerative and often volatile
output prices have raised questions of viability of farming as a
livelihood activity. Several factors have contributed to the
imbalance, of which the low agricultural productivity and its
stagnation are notable. Among the supply side factors, declining
factor productivity, degradation of soil and water resources due to
intensive agriculture, inequitable access to input and imperfection
in output market are prominent. The problem of lack of appropriate
technology especially for vast areas of dryland and rainfed
farming, the persistence of inadequate infrastructure and declining
public investment have brought to the fore the issue of
sustainability of agriculture. These are the areas of main focus of
the contributions in the book. Besides helping in understanding the
present state of Indian agriculture, the contributions in the book
are expected to help evolve appropriate policy approaches.
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