The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted lives and livelihoods all over the world by its myriad of twists and turns. The causative SARS coronavirus 2 continues to defy the imagination by its rapid evolution from the Alpha to Delta to Omicron variants. This book by an international and multi-disciplinary team of virologists, infectious diseases and public health physicians aims to uncover the scientific basis underpinning the virus characteristics, as well as the clinical and public health management of COVID-19. The ten chapters address and discuss a broad range of key topics including viral evolution, clinical management, diagnostic methodologies, aerosol transmission, public health containment measures, vaccination, pathophysiology, and omics analyses. More generally, the book can serve as a useful reference guide on many future scientific issues and questions that will continue to arise as humanity learns to confront and co-exist with COVID-19.