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This volume, which has textbook character, is intended to provide
an in-depth introduction to different theoretical and
methodological research frameworks concerned with the role of
item-specific grammatical and lexical behaviour.
This volume presents the results of the international symposium
Chunks in Corpus Linguistics and Cognitive Linguistics, held at the
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg to honour John Sinclair's
contribution to the development of linguistics in the second half
of the twentieth century. The main theme of the book, highlighting
important aspects of Sinclair's work, is the idiomatic character of
language with a focus on chunks (in the sense of prefabricated
items) as extended units of meaning. To pay tribute to Sinclair's
enormous impact on research in this field, the volume contains two
contributions which deal explicitly with his work, including
material from unpublished manuscripts. Beyond that, the articles
cover different aspects of chunks ranging from more
theoretically-oriented to more applied papers, in which foreign
language teaching and the computational application of the insights
about the nature of language provided by corpus research play an
important role. The volume demonstrates the wide applicability and
relevance of the notion of chunks by bringing together research
from different fields of linguistics such as theoretical
linguistics, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics and
foreign language teaching, and thus provides an interdisciplinary
view on the impact of idiomaticity in language.
Taking as its point of departure the general assumption that
meaning is crucial in accounting for verb complementation, this
volume presents the results of an empirical study of verb
complementation patterns of semantically similar English verbs. The
semantic parallels of the verbs selected are based on their
coverage in dictionaries - first and foremost the Valency
Dictionary of English (Herbst, Heath, Roe and Goetz 2004) - as well
as corpus research and native speaker assessments. It is
demonstrated that despite obvious similarities in complementation
between such verbs, there are still a significant number of
syntactic discrepancies which cannot be accounted for on the basis
of meaning alone and that semantic factors - such as selection
restrictions and aspectual properties - do not sufficiently
correlate with the verbs' syntactic properties and consequently do
not have sufficient explanatory power. Thus the results rigorously
challenge so-called projectionist approaches which assume the
position that complementation is determined by semantic properties
and thus ought to be predictable on this basis. In the light of a
general trend towards placing greater emphasis on semantic aspects,
in the fields of construction grammar and cognitive grammar too,
the number of idiosyncratic phenomena on the level of single
complements as well as whole patterns clearly underlines the
importance of storage phenomena as opposed to rule-based
generation. As such it stresses the necessity of finding ways to
systematically account for item-specific properties of verbs in any
grammatical theory of the English language. The book is targeted at
all linguists interested in the relationship between semantics and
syntax, which is one of the prevalent questions in modern
linguistics, also in the field of construction grammar and
cognitive grammar. Since the data is presented in a way which is
compatible with various theories of complementation, the target
group is clearly not restricted to any specific linguistic school.
Because of the large amount of item-specific information presented,
this book is also a valuable source for grammarians and
lexicographers.
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