With the introduction of the Bologna Process, the emphasis on the importance of international librarianship and its activity between governmental or non-governmental institutions, organizations, and groups of nations has continued to grow. Collaboration in International and Comparative Librarianship highlights the importance of international librarianship in governmental and non-governmental institutions, organizations, and groups in order to promote, develop, and maintain librarianship and the library profession around the world. This publication is essential for graduate students, researchers, teachers, and LIS administrators in the field of library science.

Today, tourism is one of the largest and dynamically developing sectors of external economic activities. Its high growth and development rates, considerable volumes of foreign currency inflows, infrastructure development, and introduction of new management and educational experience actively affect various sectors of economy, which positively contribute to the social and economic development of the country as a whole. Participatory tourism development postulate that, by actively and genuinely involving people in the development process, attempts to promote economic and social progress would be accelerated. The evaluation of the participatory methods during the interview in this research reveals that there is potential for these approaches to improve community participation and strengthen the communication process. In many instances the interview provided the respondents with an opportunity for their views to be heard and a platform to contribute to the future development directives. Clearly there is a need for more innovative forms of consultation to encourage local people to take part in the tourism planning process and ensure that they can express their views.

Water scarcity in terms of quantity and quality leads to increase cost of supplying water to users. The major concerns faced by the water industry are low tariffs that result in insufficient revenue to cover the costs of supplying water and cheap water that discourage water conservation. The cost of water production from surface water and groundwater sources are different whereas the cost also depends on whether the Deep Tube Wells (DTWs) are run by electricity or diesel. Full cost recovery is essential for successful management of water supply. Hence, financial water pricing model is used in this study to generate appropriate water tariff that enables water utilities and regulatory bodies (DWASA) to balance the benefits and costs of water usage, and to ensure sufficient revenue for the long-term financial sustainability of the water supply business.