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There has always been an ongoing dispute between the realists and
the idealists as to what is ultimate and fundamental. The realists
see matter as absolute, whereas the idealists see mind as absolute.
Swami Vivekananda sees both mind and matter as aspects of a larger
reality. The human soul is not separate from other souls, but is an
expression of one singular, spiritual Ocean out of which the whole
of creation arises. Our problem is that we are clinging to the
waves rather than opening out and resting in the Ocean or Source
Itself. This is all explained in the ancient Sankhyan model of
perception and evolution, which Swami Vivekananda empowers with the
philosophy of non-dualism. Among other things, Vivekananda puts the
traditional Sankhyan idea of the gunas into a familiar
psychological context: tamas being attraction, rajas being
aversion, and sattva being balance. Almost a century earlier, Georg
Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, the German philosopher framed this dynamic
as thesis or status quo (tamas), antithesis or breaking free,
(rajas), and synthesis or ongoing levels of integration (sattva).
In light of Swami Vivekananda's message, the Vedic position gives
this process a higher evolutionary direction, that direction being
an experience of a spiritual Reality that is omnipresent and
ever-free.
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