The book is devoted to intelligent design of structures as a novel kind of designing based on computational intelligence. The proposed methodology based on computational intelligence has some heuristic and learning attributes typical for natural intelligence. Computer models of the structures are built on the base of the finite element method (FEM), the boundary element method (BEM) or coupling of FEM and BEM. The short description of possible discrete models of structures using these methods is included in the Chapter 2. Various kinds of intelligent approaches using sequential, parallel, distributed, fuzzy and hybrid evolutionary, immune and particle swarm algorithms and neural computing are presented in Chapter 3. Different kinds of optimization such as shape, topology, size and material optimization for structures under static and dynamical mechanical and thermo-mechanical loadings, structures with cracks and composite structures are considered in Chapter 4. Multi-objective optimization for coupled problems is also taken into account. Several numerical examples illustrating these kinds of optimization are presented for 2-D (plane-stress or plane-strain, plates, shells) as well as 3-D structures. Chapter 5 is devoted to special problems related to solving inverse problems in which boundary conditions, defects such as voids or cracks and material characteristics, are unknown. Closing comments summarizing the book are presented in Chapter 6.

During the last two decades the boundary element method has experienced a remarkable evolution. Contemporary concepts and techniques leading to the advancements of capabilities and understanding of the mathematical and computational aspects of the method in mechanics are presented. The special emphasis on theoretical and numerical issues, as well as new formulations and approaches for special and important fields of solid and fluid mechanics are considered. Several important and new mathematical aspects are presented: singularity and hypersingular formulations, regularity, errors and error estimators, adaptive methods, Galerkin formulations, coupling of BEM-FEM and non-deterministic (stochastic and fuzzy) BEM formulations. Novel developments and applications of the boundary element method in various fields of mechanics of solids and fluids are considered: heat conduction, diffusion and radiation, non-linear problems, dynamics and time-depending problems, fracture mechanics, thermoelasticity and poroelasticity, aerodynamics and acoustics, contact problems, biomechanics, optimization and sensitivity analysis problems, ill posed and inverse problems, and identification problems.

The IUTAM Symposium on Evolutionary Methods in Mechanics was held in Cracow, Poland, September 24-27, 2002. The site of the S- posium was Cracow University of Technology. The Symposium was - tended by 50 persons from 18 countries. In addition, several Polish students, Ph. D. students and research associates participated in the meeting. The Symposium provided an excellent opportunity for scholars of - chanics, computer sciences and arti?cial intelligence to interact and - change their points of view on the advanced computational and appli- tion aspects of the evolutionary methods in analysis and design of - chanical systems. Recently evolutionary methods have become the most e?ective tools for solving speci?c kinds of problems in mechanics, es- cially in structural and multidisciplinary optimization. The meeting was devotedtoboththeoreticalandpracticaldevelopmentsofcomputational mechanics methods drawing their inspiration from nature with part- ular emphasis on evolutionary models of computation such as genetic algorithms, evolutionary strategies, classi?er systems, evolutionary p- gramming and other evolutionary computation techniques in mechanics. The objective of the Symposium was to provide an international forum forfacilitatingtheexchangeofinformationamongresearchersinvolvedin computational intelligence methods based on evolutionary nature. The Symposium put special emphasis on evolutionary optimization in va- ous?eldsof mechanics. Thesubject of evolutionary optimization has- cently experienced a remarkable growth. New concepts, approaches and applicationsarebeing continually developed and exploited to provide- ?cient tools for solving a variety of optimization problems in mechanics.

One of the most challenging issues in today s large-scale computational modeling and design is to effectively manage the complex distributed environments, such as computational clouds, grids, ad hoc, and P2P networks operating under various types of users with evolving relationships fraught with uncertainties. In this context, the IT resources and services usually belong to different owners (institutions, enterprises, or individuals) and are managed by different administrators. Moreover, uncertainties are presented to the system at hand in various forms of information that are incomplete, imprecise, fragmentary, or overloading, which hinders in the full and precise resolve of the evaluation criteria, subsequencing and selection, and the assignment scores. Intelligent scalable systems enable the flexible routing and charging, advanced user interactions and the aggregation and sharing of geographically-distributed resources in modern large-scale systems.

This book presents new ideas, theories, models, technologies, system architectures and implementation of applications in intelligent scalable computing systems. In 15 chapters, several important Artificial Intelligence-based techniques, such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, evolutionary, and memetic algorithms are studied and implemented. All of those technologies have formed the foundation for the intelligent scalable computing that we know of today. We believe that this book will serve as a reference for students, researchers, and industry practitioners working or interested in joining interdisciplinary research in the areas of intelligent decision systems using emergent distributed computing paradigms. It will also allow newcomers (students and researchers alike) to grasp key issues and potential solutions on the selected topics.

This book presents new ideas, theories, models, technologies, system architectures and implementation of applications in intelligent scalable computing systems. In 15 chapters, several important Artificial Intelligence-based techniques, such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, evolutionary, and memetic algorithms are studied and implemented. All of those technologies have formed the foundation for the intelligent scalable computing that we know of today. We believe that this book will serve as a reference for students, researchers, and industry practitioners working or interested in joining interdisciplinary research in the areas of intelligent decision systems using emergent distributed computing paradigms. It will also allow newcomers (students and researchers alike) to grasp key issues and potential solutions on the selected topics.

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Advances in Mechanics: Theoretical, Computational and Interdisciplinary Issues covers the domain of theoretical, experimental and computational mechanics as well as interdisciplinary issues, such as industrial applications. Special attention is paid to the theoretical background and practical applications of computational mechanics. This volume contains 132 contributions presented at the PCM-CMM-2015 Congress held on 8-11 September, 2015 in Gdansk, Poland. The Congress is a joint scientific event of the 3rd Polish Congress of Mechanics (PCM) and the 21st International Conference on Computer Methods in Mechanics (CMM). Advances in Mechanics: Theoretical, Computational and Interdisciplinary Issues will be of interest to researchers and designers dealing with mechanics and its applications.

One of the most challenging issues in today's large-scale computational modeling and design is to effectively manage the complex distributed environments, such as computational clouds, grids, ad hoc, and P2P networks operating under various types of users with evolving relationships fraught with uncertainties. In this context, the IT resources and services usually belong to different owners (institutions, enterprises, or individuals) and are managed by different administrators. Moreover, uncertainties are presented to the system at hand in various forms of information that are incomplete, imprecise, fragmentary, or overloading, which hinders in the full and precise resolve of the evaluation criteria, subsequencing and selection, and the assignment scores. Intelligent scalable systems enable the flexible routing and charging, advanced user interactions and the aggregation and sharing of geographically-distributed resources in modern large-scale systems. This book presents new ideas, theories, models, technologies, system architectures and implementation of applications in intelligent scalable computing systems. In 15 chapters, several important Artificial Intelligence-based techniques, such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, evolutionary, and memetic algorithms are studied and implemented. All of those technologies have formed the foundation for the intelligent scalable computing that we know of today. We believe that this book will serve as a reference for students, researchers, and industry practitioners working or interested in joining interdisciplinary research in the areas of intelligent decision systems using emergent distributed computing paradigms. It will also allow newcomers (students and researchers alike) to grasp key issues and potential solutions on the selected topics. This book presents new ideas, theories, models, technologies, system architectures and implementation of applications in intelligent scalable computing systems. In 15 chapters, several important Artificial Intelligence-based techniques, such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, evolutionary, and memetic algorithms are studied and implemented. All of those technologies have formed the foundation for the intelligent scalable computing that we know of today. We believe that this book will serve as a reference for students, researchers, and industry practitioners working or interested in joining interdisciplinary research in the areas of intelligent decision systems using emergent distributed computing paradigms. It will also allow newcomers (students and researchers alike) to grasp key issues and potential solutions on the selected topics.

During the last two decades the boundary element method has experienced a remarkable evolution. Contemporary concepts and techniques leading to the advancements of capabilities and understanding of the mathematical and computational aspects of the method in mechanics are presented. The special emphasis on theoretical and numerical issues, as well as new formulations and approaches for special and important fields of solid and fluid mechanics are considered. Several important and new mathematical aspects are presented: singularity and hypersingular formulations, regularity, errors and error estimators, adaptive methods, Galerkin formulations, coupling of BEM-FEM and non-deterministic (stochastic and fuzzy) BEM formulations. Novel developments and applications of the boundary element method in various fields of mechanics of solids and fluids are considered: heat conduction, diffusion and radiation, non-linear problems, dynamics and time-depending problems, fracture mechanics, thermoelasticity and poroelasticity, aerodynamics and acoustics, contact problems, biomechanics, optimization and sensitivity analysis problems, ill posed and inverse problems, and identification problems.

The IUTAM Symposium on Evolutionary Methods in Mechanics was held in Cracow, Poland, September 24-27, 2002. The site of the S- posium was Cracow University of Technology. The Symposium was - tended by 50 persons from 18 countries. In addition, several Polish students, Ph. D. students and research associates participated in the meeting. The Symposium provided an excellent opportunity for scholars of - chanics, computer sciences and arti?cial intelligence to interact and - change their points of view on the advanced computational and appli- tion aspects of the evolutionary methods in analysis and design of - chanical systems. Recently evolutionary methods have become the most e?ective tools for solving speci?c kinds of problems in mechanics, es- cially in structural and multidisciplinary optimization. The meeting was devotedtoboththeoreticalandpracticaldevelopmentsofcomputational mechanics methods drawing their inspiration from nature with part- ular emphasis on evolutionary models of computation such as genetic algorithms, evolutionary strategies, classi?er systems, evolutionary p- gramming and other evolutionary computation techniques in mechanics. The objective of the Symposium was to provide an international forum forfacilitatingtheexchangeofinformationamongresearchersinvolvedin computational intelligence methods based on evolutionary nature. The Symposium put special emphasis on evolutionary optimization in va- ous?eldsof mechanics. Thesubject of evolutionary optimization has- cently experienced a remarkable growth. New concepts, approaches and applicationsarebeing continually developed and exploited to provide- ?cient tools for solving a variety of optimization problems in mechanics.