This book describes the basic physical principles of techniques to generate and ultrashort pulse lasers and applications to ultrafast spectroscopy of various materials covering chemical molecular compounds, solid-state materials, exotic novel materials including topological materials, biological molecules and bio- and synthetic polymers. It introduces non-linear optics which provides the basics of generation and measurement of pulses and application examples of ultrafast spectroscopy to solid state physics. Also it provide not only material properties but also material processing procedures. The book describes also details of the world shortest visible laser and DUV lasers developed by the author's group. It is composed of the following 12 Sections: The special features of this book is that it is written by a single author with a few collaborators in a systematic way. Hence it provides a comprehensive and systematic description of the research field of ultrashort pulse lasers and ultrafast spectroscopy. Generation of ultrashort pulses in deep ultraviolet to near infrared Generation of ultrashort pulses in terahertz Carrier envelope phase (CEP) Simple NLO processes with a few colors Multi-color involved NLO processes Multi-color ultrashort pulse generation NLO materials NLO processes in time-resolved spectroscopy Low dimension materials Conductors and superconductors Chemical reactions and material processing Photobiological reactions

This work deals with J-aggregates, which have a long history of research. The volume covers electronic states, linear and nonlinear optical properties. Various properties and processes of J- aggregates, such as super-radiance, excitons, photon echo, geometrical structure, electron transfer and femtosecond spectroscopy, are discussed.

Just after the International Quantum Electronics Conference, which took place in Tokyo, July 18-21, 1988, a symposium on "Nonlinear Optics of Org~ics and Semiconductors" was held on the Hongo campus of the University of Tokyo on July 25 and 26, 1988. Recently, nonlinear optical materials have started to attract the attention of many scientists, not only in the field of quantum electronics but also in organic chemistry, and solid-state physics, especially semiconductor physics. Therefore this area of investigation is really interdisciplinary and necessitates understanding from different viewpoints for continuous growth of the research activity in the field. This book contains many papers written by scientists active in the field of nonlinear optics of organic materials and semiconductors. The first two parts of the book discuss mainly the basic physics of nonlinear optics of semiconduc tors, including bulk and quantum well structure semiconductors. The papers in Parts ill-VIII concern mainly organic materials. They include the calculation of molecular polarizability, synthesis, the measurement of optical nonlinearity and characterization. The final part is on potential device applications. The symposium was organized in collaboration with Prof. Shinsuke Umegaki of Tokyo Technical Institute, and Dr. Hachiro Nakanishi of the Research Institute of Polymers and Textiles. Preparations for the conference were made with the help of Dr. Masayuki Yoshizawa, Miss Nanae Indou, Mrs. Yoko Sasaki and graduate students (Mrs. T. Hattori, M. Terauchi, K. Ichimura, A. Terasaki, K.