This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis, DLMIA 2018, and the 8th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support, ML-CDS 2018, held in conjunction with the 21st International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2018, in Granada, Spain, in September 2018. The 39 full papers presented at DLMIA 2018 and the 4 full papers presented at ML-CDS 2018 were carefully reviewed and selected from 85 submissions to DLMIA and 6 submissions to ML-CDS. The DLMIA papers focus on the design and use of deep learning methods in medical imaging. The ML-CDS papers discuss new techniques of multimodal mining/retrieval and their use in clinical decision support.

We are pleased to present this set of peer-reviewed papers from the ?rst MICCAI Workshop on Medical Content-Based Retrieval for Clinical Decision Support. The MICCAI conference has been the ?agship conference for the m- ical imaging community re?ecting the state of the art in techniques of segm- tation, registration, and robotic surgery. Yet, the transfer of these techniques to clinical practice is rarely discussed in the MICCAI conference. To address this gap, we proposed to hold this workshop with MICCAI in London in September 2009. The goal of the workshop was to show the application of content-based retrieval in clinical decision support. With advances in electronic patient record systems, a large number of pre-diagnosed patient data sets are now bec- ing available. These data sets are often multimodal consisting of images (x-ray, CT, MRI), videos and other time series, and textual data (free text reports and structuredclinicaldata). Analyzing thesemultimodalsourcesfordisease-speci?c information across patients can reveal important similarities between patients and hence their underlying diseases and potential treatments. Researchers are now beginning to use techniques of content-based retrieval to search for disea- speci?c information in modalities to ?nd supporting evidence for a disease or to automatically learn associations of symptoms and diseases. Benchmarking frameworks such as ImageCLEF (Image retrieval track in the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum) have expanded over the past ?ve years to include large m- ical image collections for testing various algorithms for medical image retrieval and classi?cation.

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Ethical & Philosophical Issues in Medical Imaging (EPIMI 2022); the 12th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning and Fusion Across Scales for Clinical Decision Support (ML-CDS 2022) and the 2nd International Workshop on Topological Data Analysis for Biomedical Imaging (TDA4BiomedicalImaging 2022), held in conjunction with the 25th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2022, in Singapore, in September 2022.EPIMI includes five short papers about various humanistic aspects of medical image computing and computer-assisted interventions. The ML-CDS papers discuss machine learning on multimodal data sets for clinical decision support and treatment planning. The TDA papers focus on Topological Data Analysis: a collection of techniques and tools that have matured from an increasing interest in the role topology plays in machine learning and data science.

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support, ML-CDS 2021, held in conjunction with the 24th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2021, in Strasbourg, France, in October 2021. The workshop was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 10 full papers presented at ML-CDS 2021 were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The ML-CDS papers discuss machine learning on multimodal data sets for clinical decision support and treatment planning.

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support, ML-CDS 2020, and the 9th International Workshop on Clinical Image-Based Procedures, CLIP 2020, held in conjunction with the 23rd International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2020, in Lima, Peru, in October 2020. The workshops were held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 4 full papers presented at ML-CDS 2020 and the 9 full papers presented at CLIP 2020 were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions to ML-CDS and 10 submissions to CLIP. The ML-CDS papers discuss machine learning on multimodal data sets for clinical decision support and treatment planning. The CLIP workshops provides a forum for work centered on specific clinical applications, including techniques and procedures based on comprehensive clinical image and other data.

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Interpretability of Machine Intelligence in Medical Image Computing, iMIMIC 2019, and the 9th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support, ML-CDS 2019, held in conjunction with the 22nd International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2019, in Shenzhen, China, in October 2019. The 7 full papers presented at iMIMIC 2019 and the 3 full papers presented at ML-CDS 2019 were carefully reviewed and selected from 10 submissions to iMIMIC and numerous submissions to ML-CDS. The iMIMIC papers focus on introducing the challenges and opportunities related to the topic of interpretability of machine learning systems in the context of medical imaging and computer assisted intervention. The ML-CDS papers discuss machine learning on multimodal data sets for clinical decision support and treatment planning.

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis, DLMIA 2017, and the 6th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support, ML-CDS 2017, held in conjunction with the 20th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2017, in Quebec City, QC, Canada, in September 2017. The 38 full papers presented at DLMIA 2017 and the 5 full papers presented at ML-CDS 2017 were carefully reviewed and selected. The DLMIA papers focus on the design and use of deep learning methods in medical imaging. The ML-CDS papers discuss new techniques of multimodal mining/retrieval and their use in clinical decision support.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third MICCAI Workshop on Medical Content-Based Retrieval for Clinical Decision Support, MCBR-CBS 2012, held in Nice, France, in October 2012. The 10 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The papers are divided on several topics on image analysis of visual or multimodal medical data (X-ray, MRI, CT, echo videos, time series data), machine learning of disease correlations in visual or multimodal data, algorithms for indexing and retrieval of data from visual or multimodal medical databases, disease model-building and clinical decision support systems based on visual or multimodal analysis, algorithms for medical image retrieval or classification, systems of retrieval or classification using the ImageCLEF collection.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second MICCAI Workshop on Medical Content-Based Retrieval for Clinical Decision Support, MCBR-CBS 2011, held in Toronto, Canada, in September 2011. The 11 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions. The papers are divided on several topics on medical image retrieval with textual approaches, visual word based approaches, applications and multidimensional retrieval.