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This book presents the chemical properties of lignocellulosic
fibers, knowledge of which is essential for innovation and
sustainable development of their transformation. Thermochemical
transformation of wood and other lignocellulosics is presented to
highlight its volatile, liquid and solid products and their novel
applications. Forest biorefinery is described to emphasize the new
products from lignocellulosic constituents, both structural
(cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignins) and those extraneous to
cell walls-extractives. New developments in cellulose technology
related to nanocellulose are discussed in relation to new
applications. Industrial lignins are presented in detail, both in
terms of extraction procedures from spent liquors and structural
characterization of the isolated lignins. Application of
lignocellulosic biopolymers in new composite materials, or in
biomaterials for medicinal purposes, and in solid wood
preservation, are described. The example of an industrial
biorefinery installed in southwestern France more than 40 years ago
is presented.
This book presents the chemical properties of lignocellulosic
fibers, knowledge of which is essential for innovation and
sustainable development of their transformation. Thermochemical
transformation of wood and other lignocellulosics is presented to
highlight its volatile, liquid and solid products and their novel
applications. Forest biorefinery is described to emphasize the new
products from lignocellulosic constituents, both structural
(cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignins) and those extraneous to
cell walls-extractives. New developments in cellulose technology
related to nanocellulose are discussed in relation to new
applications. Industrial lignins are presented in detail, both in
terms of extraction procedures from spent liquors and structural
characterization of the isolated lignins. Application of
lignocellulosic biopolymers in new composite materials, or in
biomaterials for medicinal purposes, and in solid wood
preservation, are described. The example of an industrial
biorefinery installed in southwestern France more than 40 years ago
is presented.
This collection features five peer-reviewed literature reviews on
developing forestry products. The first chapter discusses
trade-offs between timber products from plantation forests and the
need to protect ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration. It
reviews ways of innovating business practices, the use of solid
wood, reconstituted products and woody biomass as products. The
second chapter explores hardwood tree management within
agroforestry systems for the production of veneer and high-quality
sawlogs. It reviews how to optimise production in alley cropping,
riparian buffers and silvopasture systems. The third chapter
assesses the range of non-timber forest products from tropical
forests. These include non-wood fiber resources, including bamboo,
rattan and agricultural biomass. These can be used to replace
traditional wood fibers in both building and non-structural
applications. The fourth chapter focusses on new processes and
applications of forestry products. It discusses cellulose pulp
conversion into cellulosic nanomaterials, hydrolysis of
hemicelluloses from wood to produce sugars for use in the food
industry, as well as extraction of polyphenols from bark for
nutraceuticals. The final chapter reviews alley cropping practices
to produce overstory nut crops. It discusses genetic improvement of
nut trees, orchard design and management as well as pest management
in nut tree alley cropping.
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