This book describes the taxonomic and systematic studies of some important medicinal plants of Dir valley, Pakistan. The information regarding morphological and palynological characterization along with pollen fertility estimation of about 50 species of 37 genera belonging to 7 families are studied in detail. Morphological characters help in understanding the adaptation and differentiation in particular environment while the pollen morphology and its fertility estimation is closely related to its function and many of the pollen features helped the species to adapt the life on particular geography and disperse its pollen in successful manner to fertilize the egg for the production of a new plant. The data derived from the research can contribute to the taxonomy of these families and may provide new dimensions towards further research in the discipline of morpho-palynological systematics.