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This volume offers a broad and comprehensive examination of
observational, modeling and theoretical aspects of coastal sea
level science. The collection of overview articles provides
up-to-date information on the causes of coastal sea level
variability and change, contributes to better understanding of the
influence of large-scale climate signals and open ocean processes
on the coast, and addresses effects of waves, storm surges, and
tides on extreme sea level and coastal flooding. Projections of
long-term coastal changes and associated uncertainties are also
proposed. The volume contributes to better identifying priorities
for the development of an optimal and integrated (satellite and
ground-based) coastal observing system and highlights present
modeling and observing challenges for monitoring and predicting
coastal sea level on daily to multi-decadal time scales. Previously
published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 40, Issue 6, 2019 The
chapters "Concepts and Terminology for Sea Level: Mean, Variability
and Change, Both Local and Global", "Forcing Factors Affecting Sea
Level Changes at the Coast", "Sea Level and the Role of Coastal
Trapped Waves in Mediating the Influence of the Open Ocean on the
Coast", "Impacts of Basin-Scale Climate Modes on Coastal Sea Level:
a Review", "Interactions Between Mean Sea Level, Tide, Surge, Waves
and Flooding: Mechanisms and Contributions to Sea Level Variations
at the Coast", "Uncertainties in Long-Term Twenty-First Century
Process-Based Coastal Sea-Level Projections" and "Probabilistic Sea
Level Projections at the Coast by 2100" are available as open
access articles under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com
The Sentinel missions of the COPERNICUS Programme of the European
Union, as well as other Earth Observation missions, provide new
opportunities for systematic monitoring of natural and man-made
hazards and disasters that can highly impact human societies.The
contributions collected in this book address a broad range of
geohazards observable from space, including earthquakes, volcanic
hazards, extreme events (e.g. storm surges, floods and droughts),
fires, pollution, tipping points in physical and biological
systems, etc.. They provide information on how space observations
can improve our understanding of the driving mechanisms at the
origin of such geohazards, and of their mutual interactions. Focus
is given on the expected added-value information obtained by
combining different types of space-based and in situ observations
as well as model results. The chapters "Space-Based Earth
Observations for Disaster Risk Management", "Earth Observation for
the Assessment of Earthquake Hazard, Risk and Disaster Management",
"Earth Observation for Crustal Tectonics and Earthquake Hazards",
"Earth Observations for Monitoring Marine Coastal Hazards and Their
Drivers", "Air Pollution and Sea Pollution Seen from Space" are
available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License via link.springer.com. Previously published
in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 41, Issue 6, 2020
This book features a comprehensive series of the overview articles
on all relevant aspects of forest structure estimation from space
and related fields. The overview articles in this book discuss the
importance of the derived products for earth system science and
policy, the latest earth observation system and techniques, aspects
of ground data collection for contextualisation and validation and
the consistent generation of estimates from multiple data stream.
Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 40, Issue 4,
2019 The chapters "Aspects of Forest Biomass in the Earth System:
Its Role and Major Unknowns", "The Role and Need for Space-Based
Forest Biomass-Related Measurements in Environmental Management and
Policy', "Recent Advances in Forest Observation with Visual
Interpretation of Very High-Resolution Imagery", "Species Matter:
Wood Density Influences Tropical Forest Biomass at Multiple
Scales", "Innovations in Ground and Airborne Technologies as
Reference and for Training and Validation: Terrestrial Laser
Scanning (TLS)", "New Opportunities for Forest Remote Sensing
Through Ultra-High-Density Drone Lidar", "The Importance of
Consistent Global Forest Aboveground Biomass Product Validation",
and "A Joint ESA-NASA Multi-mission Algorithm and Analysis Platform
(MAAP) for Biomass, NISAR, and GEDI" are available as open access
articles under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com
This volume presents a broad overview of the requirements,
capabilities, challenges and future directions of spaceborne
imaging spectroscopy to explore the Earth's surface for a range of
application domains. These include mine exploration, soil mapping,
vegetation monitoring, mapping of pollution and hazardous
materials, inland and coastal water monitoring, urban applications
and others. Imaging spectroscopy, also often termed hyperspectral
remote sensing, for terrestrial Earth observation dates back to the
1980s, when the first spectrometers observing in the visible to
shortwave infrared wavelength range were deployed on airborne
platforms. From the end of the 1990s onwards, spaceborne
hyperspectral missions have demonstrated the capability to provide
information on the composition and biochemical and physical
characteristics of the Earth's surface. Today, several
hyperspectral spaceborne missions are under development to be
launched within the next few years. It can be expected that future
global and frequent coverage of the Earth's surface with spaceborne
imaging spectroscopy data will bring a major advance in the
information depth that future Earth system models and monitoring
service developments can be based on. Previously published in
Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 40, Issue 3, 2019 The chapters
"Imaging Spectrometry of Inland and Coastal Waters: State of the
Art, Achievements and Perspectives", "Imaging Spectroscopy for the
Detection, Assessment and Monitoring of Natural and Anthropogenic
Hazards", "Assessing Vegetation Function with Imaging
Spectroscopy", "Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy for Sustainable
Agriculture: Contributions and Challenges" are available as open
access articles under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
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