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Church-of-Englandism and its Catechism Examined, printed in 1817
and published in 1818, was part of Bentham's sustained attack on
English political, legal, and ecclesiastical establishments.
Bentham argues that the purpose of the Church's system of
education, in particular the schools sponsored by the
Church-dominated National Society for the Education of the Poor,
was to instil habits of insincerity into the population at large,
and thereby protect the abuses which were profitable both to the
clergy and the ruling classes in general. Bentham recommends the
'euthanasia' of the Church, and argues that government sponsored
proposals were in fact intended to propagate the system of abuse
rather than reform it. An appendix based on original manuscripts,
which deals with the relationship between Church and state, is
published here for the first time. This authoritative version of
the text is accompanied by an editorial introduction, comprehensive
annotation, collations of several extracts published during
Bentham's lifetime, and subject and name indexes.
This eleventh volume of Bentham's Correspondence contains nearly
three hundred letters, and covers the period from January 1822 to
June 1824. The letters, most of which have never before been
published, have been collected from archives, private and official,
as far afield as Athens and Bogota, as well as from the collections
of Bentham Papers at University College London and the British
Library. By the early 1820s Bentham had acquired an international
reputation, and corresponded with leading figures in Europe, the
United States of America, and many of the newly independent states
of Central and South America. His correspondents included such
notable figures as Simon Bolivar, the Liberator of South America;
Jean Pierre Boyer, President of Haiti; Jose da Silva Carvalho,
Minister of Justice in Portugal; Etienne Dumont, Bentham's Genevan
editor; Bernardino Rivadavia, first President of the United
Provinces of Rio de la Plata; Jean Baptiste Say, the economist; and
members of the provisional government of Greece. Bentham also
corresponded with numerous public figures and personal friends in
Britain, including Edward Blaquiere, James Silk Buckingham, Richard
Carlile, John Cartwright, Rowland and Matthew Davenport Hill, James
Mill, Samuel Parr, Francis Place, Leicester Stanhope, and Frances
Wright. As well as covering such matters as the launch of the
Westminster Review, and his first plan for the Auto-Icon, the
volume testifies to the growing importance to Bentham of his
writings on codification. Having received news that the Portuguese
Cortes had accepted his offer to draw up a complete code of laws,
he began to draft material for his Constitutional Code. He became
involved in promoting constitutional reform in Tripoli and Greece,
and was extensively involved in the negotiations surrounding the
Greek Loan raised in London in 1824.
This twelfth volume of Correspondence contains authoritative and
fully annotated texts of all known letters sent both to and from
Bentham between July 1824 and June 1828. The 301 letters, most of
which have never before been published, have been collected from
archives, public and private, in Britain, the United States of
America, Switzerland, France, Japan, and elsewhere, as well as from
the major collections of Bentham Papers at University College
London Library and the British Library. In mid-1824 Bentham was
still preoccupied with the Greek struggle for independence against
Turkey, though his active involvement waned as he became
disenchanted with the behaviour of the deputies sent to London by
the Greek National Assembly. His international reputation was
reflected in his continuing contact with Simon Bolivar and
Bernardino Rivadavia in South America, and with John Quincy Adams,
John Neal, Henry Wheaton, and others in the United States, and his
forging of new contacts in Guatemala, India, and Egypt. In the
autumn of 1825 he visited France, where he stayed with Jean
Baptiste Say and La Fayette, and was feted by the French liberals.
Bentham made considerable progress drafting material for his
pannomion, or complete code of laws, and in particular for his
Constitutional and Procedure Codes, while John Stuart Mill edited
the massive Rationale of Judicial Evidence. Bentham became
increasingly active in the cause of law reform, and exchanged a
series of letters on the subject with Robert Peel, the Home
Secretary, and Henry Brougham. He maintained his friendships with
John and Sarah Austin, George and Harriet Grote, James and John
Stuart Mill, John Bowring, Joseph Hume, Francis Burdett, Francis
Place, and Joseph Parkes, re-established contact with the third
Marquis of Lansdowne, son of his old friend the first Marquis, and
made new acquaintances in James Humphreys, Sutton Sharpe, and
Albany Fonblanque.
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