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This edited volume provides critical reflections on the interplay
between politics and law in an increasingly transnationalized
global political economy. It focuses specifically on the emergence
and operation of new forms of governance that are developing
through a variety of transnational contractual practices,
institutions, and laws in multiple sectors and areas of economic
activity. Interdisciplinary in nature, the volume includes
contributions from law, political science, sociology, and
international politics, with the focus on the political foundations
of transnational contract being both original and path-breaking.
Placing power at the center of the analysis, the volume reveals the
heterogeneous landscape of contemporary law-making and the
different kinds of politics giving rise to this form of global
ordering. As the contributors note, this new form of governance
requires a different type of political theory and legal theory,
with the volume advancing understanding of the analytical,
theoretical and normative dimensions of private transnational
governance by contract, making a valuable contribution to new
theory in law and politics. It will be of great interest to
students and academics in law, political science, international
relations, international political economy and sociology, as well
as international commercial arbitration lawyers, trade and
investment lawyers, and legal firms.
This edited volume provides critical reflections on the interplay
between politics and law in an increasingly transnationalized
global political economy. It focuses specifically on the emergence
and operation of new forms of governance that are developing
through a variety of transnational contractual practices,
institutions, and laws in multiple sectors and areas of economic
activity. Interdisciplinary in nature, the volume includes
contributions from law, political science, sociology, and
international politics, with the focus on the political foundations
of transnational contract being both original and path-breaking.
Placing power at the center of the analysis, the volume reveals the
heterogeneous landscape of contemporary law-making and the
different kinds of politics giving rise to this form of global
ordering. As the contributors note, this new form of governance
requires a different type of political theory and legal theory,
with the volume advancing understanding of the analytical,
theoretical and normative dimensions of private transnational
governance by contract, making a valuable contribution to new
theory in law and politics. It will be of great interest to
students and academics in law, political science, international
relations, international political economy and sociology, as well
as international commercial arbitration lawyers, trade and
investment lawyers, and legal firms.
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Consumption and the Environment - The Human Causes (Paperback)
Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Environmental Change and Society, National Research Council; Edited by James L Sweeney, …
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R1,576
Discovery Miles 15 760
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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There has been much polemic about affluence, consumption, and the
global environment. For some observers, "consumption" is at the
root of global environmental threats: wealthy individuals and
societies use far too much of the earth's resource base and should
scale back their appetites to preserve the environment for future
generations and allow a decent life for the rest of the world.
Other observers see affluence as the way to escape environmental
threats: economic development increases public pressure for
environmental protection and makes capital available for
environmentally benign technologies. The arguments are fed by
conflicting beliefs, values, hopes, and fears--but surprisingly
little scientific analysis. This book demonstrates that the
relationship of consumption to the environment needs careful
analysis by environmental and social scientists and conveys some of
the excitement of treating the issue scientifically. It poses the
key empirical questions: Which kinds of consumption are
environmentally significant? Which actors are responsible for that
consumption? What forces cause or explain environmentally
significant consumption? How can it be changed? The book presents
studies that open up important issues for empirical study: Are
there any signs of saturation in the demand for travel in wealthy
countries? What is the relationship between environmental
consumption and human well-being? To what extent do people in
developing countries emulate American consumption styles? The book
also suggests broad strategies that scientists and research
sponsors can use to better inform future debates about the
environment, development, and consumption.
Seit der friedlichen Revolution in Osteuropa sind grune Parteien
dazu ubergegangen, auf europaischer Ebene enger zusammenzuarbeiten.
Ihre grenzuberschreitende Parteiorganisation, die "Europaische
Forderation gruner Parteien" (EFGP), kann zwar noch nicht als
europaische Partei bezeichnet werden. Sie ist der Struktur einer
solchen aber nahergekommen und hat im Vergleich zu Sozialisten,
Christdemokraten und Liberalen aufgeholt. In der grunen Fraktion im
Europaparlament ist die Kooperation zwischen den nationalen
Delegationen seit 1989 ebenfalls enger geworden.
Der Autor beschreibt die Einflussfaktoren, die diese Entwicklung
beschleunigt (im Falle der EFGP u.a. der Umbruch in Osteuropa und
der Maastricher Vertrag) bzw. gebremst haben (u.a. die
basisdemokratische Grundorientierung der Grunen sowie Unterschiede
in den Konzeptionen fur die Integration von Nationalstaaten bzw.
nationalen Parteien). Er kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass entscheidende
Schritte in Richtung einer europaischen Partei bzw. einer wirklich
europaisch zu nennenden Fraktion erst dann zu erwarten sind, wenn
entsprechende institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen (Starkung des
Europaparlaments, europaische Wahllisten, Existenz einer
europaischen Regierung) geschaffen werden."
Well-functioning contract law is a crucial prerequisite for
economic development. However, even though international trade has
increased enormously in recent decades, we still know little about
the contract enforcement mechanisms that exist in today's
globalised markets. The aim of this work is to shed light on the
governance of complex cross-border contracts by developing a
comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding the relevance
of both formal and informal institutions. This framework is then
applied to an empirical study of cross-border software development
contracts. Combining a unique data set of 41 qualitative expert
interviews with statistical data and surveys, the author
demonstrates that state contract laws show fundamental signs of
dysfunction across borders. Companies engaged in globalised
exchange therefore rarely use this mechanism. Even the European
Union's supranational enforcement order is, in practice,
insignificant. Against all expectations, international commercial
arbitration also turns out to be limited in its ability to provide
a workable legal infrastructure for global commerce. With global
trade lacking a reliable formal legal order, companies have reacted
by creating their own informal governance structures. This book
explains how complex exchange in global markets has emerged in the
absence of a global legal order.
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The Drama of the Commons (Paperback)
National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change; Edited by Elke U. Weber, Susan Stonich, …
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R1,234
Discovery Miles 12 340
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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The "tragedy of the commons" is a central concept in human ecology
and the study of the environment. It has had tremendous value for
stimulating research, but it only describes the reality of
human-environment interactions in special situations. Research over
the past thirty years has helped clarify how human motivations,
rules governing access to resources, the structure of social
organizations, and the resource systems themselves interact to
determine whether or not the many dramas of the commons end
happily. In this book, leaders in the field review the evidence
from several disciplines and many lines of research and present a
state-of-the-art assessment. They summarize lessons learned and
identify the major challenges facing any system of governance for
resource management. They also highlight the major challenges for
the next decade: making knowledge development more systematic;
understanding institutions dynamically; considering a broader range
of resources (such as global and technological commons); and taking
into account the effects of social and historical context. This
book will be a valuable and accessible introduction to the field
for students and a resource for advanced researchers. Table of
Contents Front Matter 1 The Drama of the Commons Part I: Resource
Users, Resource Systems, and Behavior in the Drama of the Commons 2
Common Resources and Institutional Sustainability 3 Unequal
Irrigators: Heterogeneity and Commons Management in Large-Scale 4
Factors Influencing Cooperation in Commons Dilemmas: A Review of
Experimental Psychological Research 5 Appropriating the Commons: A
Theoretical Explanation Part II: Privatization and Its Limitations
6 The Tradable Permits Approach to Protecting the Commons: What
Have We Learned? 7 Common Property, Regulatory Property, and
Environmental Protection: Comparing Community-Based Management to
Tradable Environmental Allowances Part III: Cross-Scale Linkages
and Dynamic Interactions 8 Institutional Interplay: The
Environmental Consequences of Cross-Scale Interactions 9
Cross-Scale Institutional Linkages: Perspectives from the Bottom Up
Part IV: Emerging Issues 10 Scientific Uncertainty, Complex
Systems, and the Design of Common-Pool Institutions 11 Emergence of
Institutions for the Commons: Contexts, Situations, and Events 12
An Evolutionary Theory of Commons Management 13 Knowledge and
Questions After 15 Years of Research About the Contributors Index
Well-functioning contract law is a crucial prerequisite for
economic development. However, even though international trade has
increased enormously in recent decades, we still know little about
the contract enforcement mechanisms that exist in today's
globalised markets. The aim of this work is to shed light on the
governance of complex cross-border contracts by developing a
comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding the relevance
of both formal and informal institutions. This framework is then
applied to an empirical study of cross-border software development
contracts. Combining a unique data set of 41 qualitative expert
interviews with statistical data and surveys, the author
demonstrates that state contract laws show fundamental signs of
dysfunction across borders. Companies engaged in globalised
exchange therefore rarely use this mechanism. Even the European
Union's supranational enforcement order is, in practice,
insignificant. Against all expectations, international commercial
arbitration also turns out to be limited in its ability to provide
a workable legal infrastructure for global commerce. With global
trade lacking a reliable formal legal order, companies have reacted
by creating their own informal governance structures. This book
explains how complex exchange in global markets has emerged in the
absence of a global legal order.
Many people believe that environmental regulation has passed a
point of diminishing returns: the quick fixes have been achieved
and the main sources of pollution are shifting from large "point
sources" to more diffuse sources that are more difficult and
expensive to regulate. The political climate has also changed in
the United States since the 1970s in ways that provide impetus to
seek alternatives to regulation. This book examines the potential
of some of these "new tools" that emphasize education, information,
and voluntary measures. Contributors summarize what we know about
the effectiveness of these tools, both individually and in
combination with regulatory and economic policy instruments. They
also extract practical lessons from this knowledge and consider
what is needed to make these tools more effective. The book will be
of interest to environmental policy practitioners and to
researchers and students concerned with applying social and
behavioral sciences knowledge to improve environmental quality.
Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Exploring New Tools for
Environmental Protection 2 Changes in Pollution and the
Implications for Policy 3 Marketing Household Energy Conservation:
The Message and the Reality 4 Knowledge, Information, and Household
Recycling: Examining the Knowledge-Deficit Model of Behavior Change
5 Promoting "Green" Consumer Behavior with Eco-Labels 6 The Public
Health Perspective for Communicating Environmental Issues 7
Understanding Individual and Social Characteristics in the
Promotion of Household Disaster Preparedness 8 Lessons from
Analogous Public Education Campaigns 9 Perspectives on
Environmental Education in the United States 10 A Model of
Community-Based Environmental Education 11 Community Environmental
Policy Capacity and Effective Environmental Protection 12 Changing
Behavior in Households and Communities: What Have We Learned? 13
Government-Sponsored Voluntary Programs for Firms: An Initial
Survey 14 Industry Codes of Practice: Emergence and Evolution 15
Harnessing the "Power of Information": Environmental Right to Know
as a Driver of Sound Environmental Policy 16 Challenges in
Evaluating Voluntary Environmental Programs 17 Assessing the
Credibility of Voluntary Codes: A Theoretical Framework 18 Factors
in Firms and Industries Affecting the Outcomes of Voluntary
Measures 19 The Policy Context for Flexible, Negotiated, and
Voluntary Measures 20 Understanding Voluntary Measures 21 New Tools
for Environmental Protection: What We Know and Need to Know ABOUT
THE CONTRIBUTORS
Das Buch befasst sich mit den Ergebnissen der ersten Foerderphase
der Produktionsforschung am Forschungscampus ARENA2036.
Schwerpunkte liegen hierbei im Aufbau und Betrieb einer
wandlungsfahigen Forschungsproduktion. Hierzu gehoert die
Betrachtung neuer Konzepte und Technologien in den Bereichen der
Montage, Produktionssteuerung, Produktions-IT und Logistik. Die im
Projekt entwickelten Loesungsansatze werden im Kontext einer realen
Forschungsproduktion diskutiert und anhand eines Anwendungsfalls
der Turenvormontage evaluiert und validiert.
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