This book considers the European Union as a project with a major antidiscrimination goal, which is important to remember at a time of increasing resentment against particularly exposed groups, especially migrants, refugees, members of ethnic or religious minorities and LGBTI persons. While equality and non-discrimination have long been core principles of the international community as a whole, as is made obvious by the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, they have shaped European integration in a particular way. The concepts of diversity, pluralism and equality have always been inherent in that process, the EU being virtually founded on the values of equality and non-discrimination. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU contains the most modern and extensive catalogue of prohibited grounds of discrimination, supplementing the catalogue enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights. EU law has given new impulses to antidiscrimination law both within Europe and beyond. The contributions to this book focus on how effective and credible the EU has been in combatting discrimination inside and outside Europe. The authors present different (mostly legal) aspects of that topic and examine them from various intra- and extra-European angles.

This book considers the European Union as a project with a major antidiscrimination goal, which is important to remember at a time of increasing resentment against particularly exposed groups, especially migrants, refugees, members of ethnic or religious minorities and LGBTI persons. While equality and non-discrimination have long been core principles of the international community as a whole, as is made obvious by the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, they have shaped European integration in a particular way. The concepts of diversity, pluralism and equality have always been inherent in that process, the EU being virtually founded on the values of equality and non-discrimination. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU contains the most modern and extensive catalogue of prohibited grounds of discrimination, supplementing the catalogue enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights. EU law has given new impulses to antidiscrimination law both within Europe and beyond. The contributions to this book focus on how effective and credible the EU has been in combatting discrimination inside and outside Europe. The authors present different (mostly legal) aspects of that topic and examine them from various intra- and extra-European angles.

Male-dominated law and legal knowledge essentially characterized the whole of pre-modern history in that the patriarchy represented the axis of social relations in both the private and public spheres. Indeed, modern and even contemporary law still have embedded elements of patriarchal heritage, even in the secular modern legal systems of Western developed countries, either within the content of legislation or in terms of its implementation and interpretation. This is true to a greater or lesser extent across legal systems, although the secular modern legal systems of the Western developed countries have made great advances in terms of gender equality. The traditional understanding of law has always been self-evidently dominated by men, but modern law and its understanding have also been more or less “malestreamed.� Therefore, it has become necessary to overcome the given “maskulinity� of legal thought. In contemporary legal and political orders, gender mainstreaming of law has been of the utmost importance for overcoming deeply and persistently embedded power relations and gender-based, unequal social relations. At the same time and equally importantly, the gender mainstreaming of legal education – to which this book aims to contribute – can help to gradually eliminate this male dominance and accompanying power relations from legal education and higher education as a whole. This open access textbook provides an overview of gender issues in all areas of law, including sociological, historical and methodological issues. Written for students and teachers around the globe, it is intended to provide both a general overview and in-depth knowledge in the individual areas of law. Relevant court decisions and case studies are supplied throughout the book.

This open access book presents innovative strategies to address cross-cutting topics and foster transversal competences. The modernization of European legal education presents a compelling challenge that calls for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration among academic disciplines and innovative teaching methods. The volume introduces venues towards education innovation and engages with complex and emerging topics such as datafication, climate change, gender, and the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The insights presented not only emphasize the importance of preserving traditional approaches to legal disciplines and passing them on to future generations, but also underscore the need to critically reassess and revolutionize existing structures. As our societies become more diverse and our understanding of legitimacy, justice, and values undergoes transformations, it is imperative to reconsider the role of traditional values while exploring promising alternative approaches.

This open access book presents innovative strategies to address cross-cutting topics and foster transversal competences. The modernization of European legal education presents a compelling challenge that calls for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration among academic disciplines and innovative teaching methods. The volume introduces venues towards education innovation and engages with complex and emerging topics such as datafication, climate change, gender, and the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The insights presented not only emphasize the importance of preserving traditional approaches to legal disciplines and passing them on to future generations, but also underscore the need to critically reassess and revolutionize existing structures. As our societies become more diverse and our understanding of legitimacy, justice, and values undergoes transformations, it is imperative to reconsider the role of traditional values while exploring promising alternative approaches.

Male-dominated law and legal knowledge essentially characterized the whole of pre-modern history in that the patriarchy represented the axis of social relations in both the private and public spheres. Indeed, modern and even contemporary law still have embedded elements of patriarchal heritage, even in the secular modern legal systems of Western developed countries, either within the content of legislation or in terms of its implementation and interpretation. This is true to a greater or lesser extent across legal systems, although the secular modern legal systems of the Western developed countries have made great advances in terms of gender equality. The traditional understanding of law has always been self-evidently dominated by men, but modern law and its understanding have also been more or less "malestreamed." Therefore, it has become necessary to overcome the given "maskulinity" of legal thought. In contemporary legal and political orders, gender mainstreaming of law has been of the utmost importance for overcoming deeply and persistently embedded power relations and gender-based, unequal social relations. At the same time and equally importantly, the gender mainstreaming of legal education - to which this book aims to contribute - can help to gradually eliminate this male dominance and accompanying power relations from legal education and higher education as a whole. This open access textbook provides an overview of gender issues in all areas of law, including sociological, historical and methodological issues. Written for students and teachers around the globe, it is intended to provide both a general overview and in-depth knowledge in the individual areas of law. Relevant court decisions and case studies are supplied throughout the book.

Die vorliegende Untersuchung ist aus meiner Dissertation hervorgegangen, die im Wintersemester 1990/91 dem Fachbereich Rechts- und Wirtschafts wissenschaften der Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz vorgelegen hat. Nach Vorarbeiten wahrend meines Studienaufenthaltes an der University of Virginia 1984/85 schrieb ich die Studie wahrend meiner Assistentenzeiten in Mainz bei Prof. Dr. Eckart Klein, meinem Doktorvater, und in Heidel berg bei Prof. Dr. Helmut Steinberger. Ich schloG sie als Referent am Max Planck-Institut fUr ausIandisches Offentliches Recht und Volkerrecht in Heidelberg abo Prof. Dr. Eckart Klein, der mich seit meiner Studentenzeit gefordert hat, und Prof. Dr. Walter Rudolf, dem Zweitgutachter, bin ich fur zahlreiche weiterfUhrende Hinweise zu Dank verpflichtet. Herzlichen Dank schulde ich auch meiner Frau Dagmar Richter fUr ihre Hilfsbereitschaft, vor aHem auch bei der Anfertigung des Sachregisters. Die Dberarbeitung wurde, von wenigen spateren Anderungen abgese hen, im Juni 1991 abgeschlossen. Thomas Giegerich Inhaltsiibersicht Einleitung. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Erster Teil: Klarungen im Vorfeld 3 1. Kapitel: Begriffskliirungen und Abgrenzung des Problemfeldes 3 2. Kapitel: Grundrechtswirkung gegen Private - Eckpunkte eines Argumentationsrahmens . . . . . . . . . 14 Zweiter Teil: Die Grundlagen 38 3. Kapitel: Erscheinungsbild, Charakter und Funktion amerikanischer Grundrechtsnormen . . . . . . 38 4. Kapitel: Historische Dimension . . . . . . . . 47 5. Kapitel: Textauslegung der Bundesverfassung von 1787 und der Bill of Rights von 1791 . . . . . . . . . . 72 6. Kapitel: Nichtkodifizierte Individualrechte - Amendment IX und das Recht auf Sicherheit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 7. Kapitel: Verpflichtungsadressat des Schutzanspruchs: Die Lage vor den Verfassungserganzungen der Nachbiirgerkriegszeit . . 122 Dritter Teil: Entwicklung des Verfassungsrechts, des Gesetzes rechts und der Rechtsprechung yom Biirgerkrieg his zum Ende des 2. Weltkriegs . . . . . . . ."

This volume contains essays and discussions from the Conference of the Association of German Constitutional Law Instructors held October 7 - 10, 2009 in Graz.

Das Buch beschreibt die rechtlichen Kriterien, anhand derer Staaten die zur dauernden Niederlassung in Frage kommenden Auslander auswahlen, und untersucht die rechtlichen Mechanismen, mit deren Hilfe diese Einwanderer integriert werden. Es arbeitet damit das international- und supranationalrechtliche sowie rechtsvergleichende Umfeld auf, in das sich ein zukunftiges deutsches Einwanderungsgesetz rechtlich bzw. politisch einfugen wird.
Nach einer Darstellung des Volker- und europarechtlichen Rahmens, der bei der Neugestaltung des deutschen Einwanderungsrechts einzuhalten ist (I. Teil), wird das Einwanderungsrecht von neun europaischen und funf
aussereuropaischen Staaten nach einer im wesentlichen einheitlichen Gliederung in seinen Grundzugen (unter Einbeziehung der Fluchtlingsproblematik) naher erarbeitet:
Belgien, Frankreich, Italien, Niederlande, Osterreich, Schweden, Schweiz, Spanien, Vereinigtes Konigreich/Australien, Kanada, Neuseeland, Sudafrika, USA.
Im III. Teil schliesst eine vergleichende Analyse an, die die teilweise parallele, haufig aber auch unterschiedliche Struktur der nationalen Einwanderungsrechte verdeutlicht und versucht, unter Beachtung der Volker- und europarechtlichen Vorgaben Regelungsmodelle zu definieren.
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Currently the EU is facing some fundamental challenges: the euro and refugee crises are still unresolved, the solidarity between Member States is eroding and nationalist forces are growing as support for European integration is diminishing. The union appears too heterogeneous and the economic and political interests of the 28 Member States too diverse to be able to address these challenges as a whole. Does the concept of differentiated integration offer a possible solution? Can such differentiation offer the European integration project a better and more stable future? Which measures of diversity and flexibility can the “ever closer Union among the peoples of Europe� endure? Or will such differentiation ultimately damage the joint European project? This collection of leading European lawyers tackles these questions and suggests how they might be addressed.