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Americans are not invulnerable to factual information. They do not
'backfire'; facts do not make them less accurate. Instead, they
become more accurate, even when corrections target co-partisans.
Corrections of fake news yield similar results. Among Republicans,
Trump's misstatements are less susceptible to corrections than
identical misstatements attributed to other Republicans. While we
do not observe facts affecting attitudes, multiple instances of
misinformation can increase approval of the responsible politician
- but corrections can reduce approval by similar amounts. While
corrections do not eliminate false beliefs, they reduce the share
of inaccurate beliefs among subjects in this study nearly in half.
Roakan rose from his concealed cover, raised his sword above his
head as more human warriors ran down the ramp of the warship to
refortify their depleting forces. Roakan let out a mighty blood
curdling battle cry and lowered his sword toward the human
formation and as he did so he began jumping over the rubble that
concealed him and led his warriors on a foot charge into the ranks
of the human contingent. As he reached the first line of the human
enemies Obai'zen and his warriors were on their enemies rear flank
as both collided with the wall of the human warriors at the front
and rear flanks at almost the same instant. The humans by this time
had drawn hand weapons and met the onslaught with as much
fearlessness as the attacking Goathrunouk warriors. The two lines
of warriors entangled in a clash of bodies, metal, and bone. In the
morning sunrise there was the glitter of flashing swords, shredded
metal, and the spray of blood as warriors screamed their last
life's song. Soon, all that would be left would be the silent
victors and the dying as the sun continued to rise as it had done
so for millions of years before, unaffected in its designed purpose
by the happenings of mere mortals.
America is in civic chaos, its politics rife with conspiracy
theories and false information. Nationalism and authoritarianism
are on the rise, while scientists, universities, and news
organizations are viewed with increasing mistrust. Its citizens
reject scientific evidence on climate change and vaccinations while
embracing myths of impending apocalypse. And then there is Donald
Trump, a presidential candidate who won the support of millions of
conservative Christians despite having no moral or political
convictions. What is going on? The answer, according to J. Eric
Oliver and Thomas J. Wood, can be found in the most important force
shaping American politics today: human intuition. Much of what
seems to be irrational in American politics arises from the growing
divide in how its citizens make sense of the world. On one side are
rationalists. They use science and reason to understand reality. On
the other side are intuitionists. They rely on gut feelings and
instincts as their guide to the world. Intuitionists believe in
ghosts and End Times prophecies. They embrace conspiracy theories,
disbelieve experts, and distrust the media. They are stridently
nationalistic and deeply authoritarian in their outlook. And they
are the most enthusiastic supporters of Donald Trump. The primary
reason why Trump captured the presidency was that he spoke about
politics in a way that resonated with how Intuitionists perceive
the world. The Intuitionist divide has also become a threat to the
American way of life. A generation ago, intuitionists were
dispersed across the political spectrum, when most Americans
believed in both God and science. Today, intuitionism is
ideologically tilted toward the political right. Modern
conservatism has become an Intuitionist movement, defined by
conspiracy theories, strident nationalism, and hostility to basic
civic norms. Enchanted America is a clarion call to rationalists of
all political persuasions to reach beyond the minority and speak to
intuitionists in a way they understand. The values and principles
that define American democracy are at stake.
Roakan rose from his concealed cover, raised his sword above his
head as more human warriors ran down the ramp of the warship to
refortify their depleting forces. Roakan let out a mighty blood
curdling battle cry and lowered his sword toward the human
formation and as he did so he began jumping over the rubble that
concealed him and led his warriors on a foot charge into the ranks
of the human contingent. As he reached the first line of the human
enemies Obai'zen and his warriors were on their enemies rear flank
as both collided with the wall of the human warriors at the front
and rear flanks at almost the same instant. The humans by this time
had drawn hand weapons and met the onslaught with as much
fearlessness as the attacking Goathrunouk warriors. The two lines
of warriors entangled in a clash of bodies, metal, and bone. In the
morning sunrise there was the glitter of flashing swords, shredded
metal, and the spray of blood as warriors screamed their last
life's song. Soon, all that would be left would be the silent
victors and the dying as the sun continued to rise as it had done
so for millions of years before, unaffected in its designed purpose
by the happenings of mere mortals.
America is in civic chaos, its politics rife with conspiracy
theories and false information. Nationalism and authoritarianism
are on the rise, while scientists, universities, and news
organizations are viewed with increasing mistrust. Its citizens
reject scientific evidence on climate change and vaccinations while
embracing myths of impending apocalypse. And then there is Donald
Trump, a presidential candidate who won the support of millions of
conservative Christians despite having no moral or political
convictions. What is going on? The answer, according to J. Eric
Oliver and Thomas J. Wood, can be found in the most important force
shaping American politics today: human intuition. Much of what
seems to be irrational in American politics arises from the growing
divide in how its citizens make sense of the world. On one side are
rationalists. They use science and reason to understand reality. On
the other side are intuitionists. They rely on gut feelings and
instincts as their guide to the world. Intuitionists believe in
ghosts and End Times prophecies. They embrace conspiracy theories,
disbelieve experts, and distrust the media. They are stridently
nationalistic and deeply authoritarian in their outlook. And they
are the most enthusiastic supporters of Donald Trump. The primary
reason why Trump captured the presidency was that he spoke about
politics in a way that resonated with how Intuitionists perceive
the world. The Intuitionist divide has also become a threat to the
American way of life. A generation ago, intuitionists were
dispersed across the political spectrum, when most Americans
believed in both God and science. Today, intuitionism is
ideologically tilted toward the political right. Modern
conservatism has become an Intuitionist movement, defined by
conspiracy theories, strident nationalism, and hostility to basic
civic norms. Enchanted America is a clarion call to rationalists of
all political persuasions to reach beyond the minority and speak to
intuitionists in a way they understand. The values and principles
that define American democracy are at stake.
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