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Understanding the conditions under which variability in performance
may arise, and the processes related to its emergence, gives us
insight into the development of techniques for improving the
quality of performance. Variability in Human Performance details
the scientific and the practical implications of human performance
variability by providing a broad perspective on how and why such
variability occurs across a number of disciplinary domains. The
text takes an approach that rests upon the idea of context, or
design, specificity in performance, namely that variability in
performance is closely referenced to design factors in the
environment in which performance is occurring. An exploration of
the link between variability and related processes, the book
introduces a comprehensive framework for understanding human
performance variability, presented in terms of how human control of
behavior is closely tied to design factors in the performance
environment. The authors introduce empirical evidence, as well as
practical examples and application areas, in support of this
framework. The book begins with coverage of neurobiological and
biomechanical basis of movement variability, then examines rich and
extensive empirical evidence available for context specificity in
cognitive performance and learning, as a basis for cognitive
performance variability. The book then reviews the evidence for
context specificity in: Student learning Displaced feedback
conditions Human error behavior Affective performance Social and
team performance The authors also explore work performance as
influenced by complex sociotechnical systems and as a basis for
performance variability, applying control systems concepts to an
interpretation of the nature and basis of performance variability
in all of these domains. They conclude by taking an evolutionary
perspective on the origins and behavioral significance of human
performance variability. The book then provides strategies on how
individuals, groups, and organizations can significantly reduce
variability in human performance that often leads to systems
failures.
Understanding the conditions under which variability in performance
may arise, and the processes related to its emergence, gives us
insight into the development of techniques for improving the
quality of performance. Variability in Human Performance details
the scientific and the practical implications of human performance
variability by providing a broad perspective on how and why such
variability occurs across a number of disciplinary domains. The
text takes an approach that rests upon the idea of context, or
design, specificity in performance, namely that variability in
performance is closely referenced to design factors in the
environment in which performance is occurring. An exploration of
the link between variability and related processes, the book
introduces a comprehensive framework for understanding human
performance variability, presented in terms of how human control of
behavior is closely tied to design factors in the performance
environment. The authors introduce empirical evidence, as well as
practical examples and application areas, in support of this
framework. The book begins with coverage of neurobiological and
biomechanical basis of movement variability, then examines rich and
extensive empirical evidence available for context specificity in
cognitive performance and learning, as a basis for cognitive
performance variability. The book then reviews the evidence for
context specificity in: Student learning Displaced feedback
conditions Human error behavior Affective performance Social and
team performance The authors also explore work performance as
influenced by complex sociotechnical systems and as a basis for
performance variability, applying control systems concepts to an
interpretation of the nature and basis of performance variability
in all of these domains. They conclude by taking an evolutionary
perspective on the origins and behavioral significance of human
performance variability. The book then provides strategies on how
individuals, groups, and organizations can significantly reduce
variability in human performance that often leads to systems
failures.
Whether you're a retiree interested in protecting your assets, a
business owner interested in saving taxes or a pre-retiree in need
of a sound retirement income plan this book may have the answers
you need NOW The ultimate guide to protecting your nest egg from
predatory estate and income taxes, volatile and unpredictable
financial markets, and a navigational chart to steer your financial
ship through these turbulent times to obtain the peace of mind that
comes from a worry free retirement.
In this issue of Interventional Cardiology Clinics, guest editor
Dr. Thomas Smith brings his considerable expertise to the topic of
Multi-Modality Interventional Imaging. Top experts in the field
discuss key topics such as tricuspid valve TEER guidance with
transesophageal echocardiography and ICE; 4D ICE: the next frontier
in structural imaging guidance; multiplanar reconstruction:
advanced 3D TEE techniques to guide complex structural procedures;
CT procedure planning for transcatheter mitral valve replacement;
use of CT for LAAO procedure planning and post-procedure
assessment; and more. Contains 10 relevant, practice-oriented
topics including multimodality fusion and where it best fits in to
structural heart guidance; training the next interventional
imagers; 4D ICE guidance of left atrial appendage closure; CT
procedure planning for closure of cardiac and great vessel
pseudoaneurysms; TEE guidance for transcatheter tricuspid valve
replacement; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on
multi-modality interventional imaging, offering actionable insights
for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on
this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced
editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest
research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant,
topic-based reviews.Â
Environmental chemical hazards are a highly contentious topic in
modern life. Nearly every nation on earth has faced its own
environmental crises, and also shares perspectives on the
possibility of global catastrophes. Of the many global concerns we
face, the environmental issue is unique in many ways. The greatest
of these is the fundamental scientific nature of the issue, and the
extent to which our opinions are formed based on high-level
scientific inquiry and assessment. The two key fields of study on
this issue, environmental epidemiology and exposure assessment, are
still given separate names because of their separate historical
roots and scientific traditions, but are seen increasingly as
inseparable aspects of the same basic investigation. In this book,
Thomas J. Smith and David Kriebel assert that important advances in
the quantification of environmental risks can only come through a
true synthesis of the two fields. They have built a common biologic
model of exposure, physiologic response, and disease, a synthesis
of the various existing models which serves to both simplify and
improve the application of environmental epidemiology and exposure
assessment to current and future environmental chemical risks. When
exposure assessor and epidemiologist agree from the start on the
model for their study, the conceptual framework for the study they
design and the analyses they carry out are much more likely to
yield useful exposure-risk information. An explicit biologic model
of the apparent processes linking exposure to disease should form
the basis for any study seeking to quantify risk from environmental
chemicals.
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