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Without sensationalizing or providing the technical details that
would result in a terrorist's handbook, the volume reflects the
concerns expressed by experts from 12 states (including many from
Slavic regions adjoining or aspiring to membership of the European
Union). A range of vulnerabilities are highlighted that are usually
neglected. Assessments that focus on the horrifying potential of
bioterrorism directly targeting people are commonplace. This book
is exceptional because indirect impacts on human health and welfare
through challenge to the security of food supplies are the focus.
These urgently need to be recognised and made subjects of planned
investment to counter the threat. Examples of past state-sponsored
and independent actions are discussed. The evolution of biological
(chemical defoliant) systems for controlling plant growth with
unambiguously humanitarian aims is shown to have resulted in a
range of counter terrorist uses.
Without sensationalizing or providing the technical details that
would result in a terrorist's handbook, the volume reflects the
concerns expressed by experts from 12 states (including many from
Slavic regions adjoining or aspiring to membership of the European
Union). A range of vulnerabilities are highlighted that are usually
neglected. Assessments that focus on the horrifying potential of
bioterrorism directly targeting people are commonplace. This book
is exceptional because indirect impacts on human health and welfare
through challenge to the security of food supplies are the focus.
These urgently need to be recognised and made subjects of planned
investment to counter the threat. Examples of past state-sponsored
and independent actions are discussed. The evolution of biological
(chemical defoliant) systems for controlling plant growth with
unambiguously humanitarian aims is shown to have resulted in a
range of counter terrorist uses.
This book studies family life and gender broadly within Italy, not
just one region or city, from the fourteenth through the
seventeenth centuries. Paternal control of the household was
paramount in Italian life at this time, with control of property
and even marital choices and career paths laid out for children and
carried out from beyond the grave by means of written testaments.
However, the reality was always more complex than a simple reading
of local laws and legal doctrines would seem to permit, especially
when there were no sons to step forward as heirs. Family disputes
provided an opening for legal ambiguities to redirect property and
endow women with property and means of control. This book uses the
decisions of lawyers and judges to examine family dynamics through
the lens of law and legal disputes.
Focusing on Florence, Thomas Kuehn demonstrates the formative
influence of law on Italian society during the Renaissance,
especially in the spheres of family and women. Kuehn's use
of legal sources along with letters, diaries, and
contemporary accounts allows him to present a compelling
image of the social processes that affected the shape and
function of the law.
The numerous law courts of Italian city-states
constantly devised and revised statutes. Kuehn traces the
permutations of these laws, then examines their use by
Florentines to arbitrate conflict and regulate social
behavior regarding such issues as kinship, marriage,
business, inheritance, illlegitimacy, and gender. Ranging
from one man's embittered denunciation of his father to
another's reaction to his kinsmen's rejection of him as
illegitimate, "Law, Family, and Women" provides
fascinating evidence of the tensions riddling family life in
Renaissance Florence. Kuehn shows how these same tensions,
often articulated in and through the law, affected women. He
examines the role of the mundualdus--a male legal guardian
for women--in Florence, the control of fathers over their
married daughters, and issues of inheritance by and through
women. An ambitious attempt to reformulate the agenda of
Renaissance social history, Kuehn's work will be of value to
both legal anthropologists and social historians.
Thomas Kuehn is professor of history at Clemson
University.
This collection offers a variety of approaches to aspects of
women's lives. It moves beyond men's prescriptive pronouncements
about female nature to women's lived experiences, replacing the
singular woman with plural women and illuminating female agency.
Contributors to this important collection are leading international
scholars and offer strong, substantial, and archival-based
research.
Family was a central feature of social life in Italian cities. In
the Renaissance, jurists, humanists, and moralists began to
theorize on the relations between people and property that formed
the 'substance' of the family and what held it together over the
years. Family property was a bundle of shared rights. This was most
evident when brothers shared a household and enterprise, but it
also faced overlapping claims from children and wives which the
paterfamilias had to recognize. Thomas Kuehn explores patrimony in
legal thought, and how property was inherited, managed and shared
in Renaissance Italy. Managing a patrimony was not a simple task.
This led to a complex and active conceptualization of shared
rights, and a conscious application of devices in the law that
could override liabilities and preserve the group, or carve out
distinct shares for each member. This wide-ranging volume charts
the ever-present conflicts that arose and were a constant feature
of family life.
Visions of modernity rest in part on a distinction between
inherited status (past) and achievement (present). Inheritance is
taken as automatic, if not axiomatic; the recipients are passive,
if grateful. This study, based on a singular source (Florentine
repudiations of inheritance), reveals that inheritance was in fact
a process, that heirs had options: at the least, to reject a
burdensome patrimony, but also to maneuver property to others and
to avoid (at times deceptively, if not fraudulently) the claims of
others to portions of the estate. Repudiation was a vestige of
Roman law that became once again a viable legal institution with
the revival of Roman law in the Middle Ages. Florentines
incorporated repudiation into their strategies of adjustment after
death, showing that they were not merely passive recipients of what
came their way. These strategies fostered family goals, including
continuity across the generations.
Visions of modernity rest in part on a distinction between
inherited status (past) and achievement (present). Inheritance is
taken as automatic, if not axiomatic; the recipients are passive,
if grateful. This study, based on a singular source (Florentine
repudiations of inheritance), reveals that inheritance was in fact
a process, that heirs had options: at the least, to reject a
burdensome patrimony, but also to maneuver property to others and
to avoid (at times deceptively, if not fraudulently) the claims of
others to portions of the estate. Repudiation was a vestige of
Roman law that became once again a viable legal institution with
the revival of Roman law in the Middle Ages. Florentines
incorporated repudiation into their strategies of adjustment after
death, showing that they were not merely passive recipients of what
came their way. These strategies fostered family goals, including
continuity across the generations.
This collection offers a variety of approaches to aspects of
women's lives. It moves beyond men's prescriptive pronouncements
about female nature to women's lived experiences, replacing the
singular woman with plural women and illuminating female agency.
Contributors to this important collection are leading international
scholars and offer strong, substantial, and archival-based
research.
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