Uniting E. Thomas Lawson's essays on the cognitive science of religion, this volume explores theoretical issues in the study of cultural phenomena such as religion, the role of imagination, and the experiments that emerge from these theories. The book begins with Lawson's influential essay ‘Towards a Cognitive Science of Religion’, which was the first to employ the phrase, and has since become widely adopted in many different disciplines. It signals to scholars in the humanities that the cognitive revolution has finally reached them and serves to introduce them to the world of science. With both newcomers and established scholars in mind, the book then focuses on theoretical issues in the field, and describes experiments exploring the connections between cognition and culture.

Robert N. McCauley and E. Thomas Lawson are considered the founders of the field of the cognitive science of religion. Since its inception over twenty years ago, the cognitive science of religion has raised questions about the philosophical foundations and implications of such a scientific approach. This volume from McCauley, including chapters co-authored by Lawson, is the first book-length project to focus on such questions, resulting in a compelling volume that addresses fundamental questions that any scholar of religion should ask. The essays collected in this volume are those that initially defined this scientific field for the study of religion. These essays deal with issues of methodology, reductionism, resistance to the scientific study of religion, and other criticisms that have been lodged against the cognitive science of religion. The new final chapter sees McCauley reflect on developments in this field since its founding. Tackling these debates head on and in one place for the first time, this volume belongs on the shelf of every researcher interested in this now established approach to the study of religion within a range of disciplines, including religious studies, philosophy, anthropology and the psychology of religion.

Recent cognitive approaches to the study of religion have yielded much understanding by focusing on common psychological processes that all humans share. One leading theory, Harvey WhitehouseOs modes of religiosity theory, demonstrates how two distinct modes of organizing and transmitting religious traditions emerge from different ways of activating universal memory systems. In Mind and Religion, top scholars from biology to religious studies question, test, evaluate and challenge WhitehouseOs sweeping thesis. The result is an up-to-date snapshot of the cognitive science of religion field for classes in psychology, anthropology, or history of religion.

Recent cognitive approaches to the study of religion have yielded much understanding by focusing on common psychological processes that all humans share. One leading theory, Harvey WhitehouseOs modes of religiosity theory, demonstrates how two distinct modes of organizing and transmitting religious traditions emerge from different ways of activating universal memory systems. In Mind and Religion, top scholars from biology to religious studies question, test, evaluate and challenge WhitehouseOs sweeping thesis. The result is an up-to-date snapshot of the cognitive science of religion field for classes in psychology, anthropology, or history of religion.

Historians bound by their singular stories and archaeologists bound by their material evidence don t typically seek out broad comparative theories of religion. But recently Harvey Whitehouse 's modes of religiosity theory has been attracting many scholars of past religions. Based upon universal features of human cognition, Whitehouse 's theory can provide useful comparisons across cultures and historical periods even when limited cultural data is present. In this groundbreaking volume, scholars of cultures from prehistorical hunter-gatherers to 19th century Scandinavian Lutherans evaluate Whitehouse 's hypothesis that all religions tend toward either an imagistic or a doctrinal mode depending on how they are remembered and transmitted. Theorizing Religions Past provides valuable insights for all historians of religion and especially for those interested in a new cognitive method for studying the past.

Carl Jung, Darwin of the Mind is a review and an explanation of Jung's thought set in an evolutionary context. Jung explored the human psyche throughout his long life. His writings, of astonishing scope and depth, elaborate on imagery that can be found in rituals, myths and fables worldwide as well as in the dreams, visions and fantasies o

Aquaculture is the science and technology of balanced support from the biological and engi producing aquatic plants and animals. It is not neering sciences. However, commercial aqua new, but has been practiced in certain Eastern culture has become so complex that, in order to cultures for over 2,000 years. However, the role be successful, one must also draw upon the ex of aquaculture in helping to meet the world's pertise of biologists, engineers, chemists, econ food shortages has become more recently ap omists, food technologists, marketing special parent. ists, lawyers, and others. The multidisciplinary The oceans of the world were once consid approach to aquaculture production became ap ered sources of an unlimited food supply. Bio parent during the early 1990s. It is believed that logical studies indicate that the maximum sus this trend will continue as aquaculture produc tainable yield of marine species through the tion becomes more and more intensive in order harvest of wild stock is 100 million MT (metric for the producer to squeeze as much product as tons) per year. Studies also indicate that we are possible out of a given parcel of land. Although many aquaculture books exist, few rapidly approaching the maximum sustainable yield of the world's oceans and major freshwa explore the engineering aspects of aquaculture ter bodies. Per capita consumption of fishery production."

This edited volume brings together scholars of comedy to assess how political comedy encounters neoliberal themes in contemporary media. Central to this task is the notion of genre; under neoliberal conditions (where market logics motivate most actions) genre becomes "mixed." Once stable, discreet categories such as comedy, horror, drama and news and entertainment have become blurred so as to be indistinguishable. The classic modern paradigm of comedy/tragedy no longer holds, if it ever did. Moreover, as politics becomes more economic and less moral or normative under neoliberalism, we are able to see new resistance to comedic genres that support neoliberal strategies to hide racial and gender injustice such as unlaughter, ambiguity, and anti-comedy. There is also an increasing interest with comedy as a form of entertainment on the political right following both Brexit in the UK and the election of Trump in the U.S. Several essays confront this conservative comedy and place it in context of the larger humor history of these debates over free speech and political correctness. For comedians too, entry into popular media now follows the familiar neoliberal script of the celebration of self-help with the increasing admonishment of those who fail to win in market terms. Laughter plays an important role in shaming and valorizing (often at the same time!) the precarious subject in the aftermath of global recession. Doubling down on austerity, self-help policies and equivocation in the face of extremist challenges (right and left), politics foils the critical comedian's attempt to satirize and parody its object. Characterized by ambiguity, mixed genre and the increasing use of anti-humor, political comedy mirrors the social and political world it mocks, parodies and celebrates often with lackluster results suggesting that the joke might be on us, as audiences.

This long-overdue volume highlights a selection of writings and artists' projects from Real Life magazine, a seminal 1980s periodical edited by the artist, writer and curator Thomas Lawson and writer Susan Morgan. Published in 23 intermittent black-and-white issues from 1979-1994, Real Life was devoted to providing an outlet for a circle of artists who did not feel properly represented in the mainstream art world at the time--many of whom are now grouped with the Pictures and Post-Pictures artists. The anthology features both artists and art historians writing on art, media and popular culture--oftentimes infusing a new kind of humor into their cultural critiques--as well as original pictorial contributions. It includes writings by and about Eric Bogosian, Kim Gordon, Dan Graham, Barbara Kruger, Thomas Lawson, Allan McCollum, John Miller, Matt Mullican, Richard Prince, David Robbins, Michael Smith, Ed Ruscha, Jeff Wall and Lawrence Weiner, to name a few, as well as visual projects by Sherrie Levine, James Welling, Felix Gonzalez-Torres and Group Material, among others.

This book develops a cognitive approach to religion. Focusing particularly on ritual action, it borrows analytical methods from linguistics and other cognitive sciences. The authors provide a lucid, critical review of established approaches to the study of religion, and make a strong plea for the combination of interpretation and explanation. Often represented as competitive approaches, they are, rather, complementary and equally vital to the study of symbolic systems. Rethinking Religion deals with the relationship between cognition and culture in a novel manner, and introduces a method of analysis that will have many applications.

This study explores the psychological foundations of religious ritual systems. In practice, participants recall rituals to ensure a sense of continuity across performances, and those rituals motivate them to transmit and re-perform them. Most religious rituals exploit either high performance frequency or extraordinary emotional stimulation to enhance their recollection. Robert N. McCauley and E. Thomas Lawson assert that participants' cognitive representations of ritual form explain much about the systems. Reviewing a wide range of evidence, they explain religions' evolution.

The Paleo-Indians seem to have appeared on the North American continent at a time when its access should have been blocked by the glaciers of the Ice Age. The idea has been offered that they took a coastal approach after crossing over the Bering Land Bridge. This too would have been highly problematic, however, because the Wisconsin ice pack seemingly extended beyond the western coast of Canada. It is also very difficult to demonstrate that the country was actually settled from west to east, which would have been the reasonable progression had the human incursion come from the Pacific. In this novel I have theorized the existence of an entirely new migratory pathway - one leading beneath the interposing ice mass and beneath the face of the planet proper. My proposed Subterranean Northwest Passage would have placed these Paleo-Indian explorers almost directly in the midst of the North American continent somewhere toward the end of the Pleistocene Epoch. And the prehistoric world, in which they lived all those thousands of years ago, becomes contrasted with an even more prehistoric world, which they encountered below. For the purpose of transparency, I have nominated to retain the modern names of some geological features. Where I have opted to use their designations for these places, I have tried to make the identities clear. And, of course, all forms of communication have been rendered in Modern English. So join with me now, if you dare, for what may indeed have been the most courageous and terrifying adventure ever embarked upon by human beings of any era

We have been delighted for decades by stories of superheroes on TV, in films, and in the illustrated publications where most of the aforesaid experienced their origins. But the truth is that the vast majority of these titans are supposed to possess superpowers that are improbable in the extreme. In fact, many of their Herculean capacities defy any attempt at coherent explanation and fly fully in the face of feasibility. However, what if some of nature's more bizarre abilities could actually be incorporated into an elite assembly of carefully selected individuals? By embracing such biodiversity, would the recipients of this processing perhaps become something other than human, or is it just possible that they might instead represent a necessary step for ensuring our survival as a species? Emerging as almost a stand-alone from the series, while also differing from the format of all its predecessors by being presented in the first person, such is the issue that's explored in Project Chrysalis.

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfectionssuch as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed worksworldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Two Treatises More: By Thomas Lawson, Deceased. The First, Of Baptisms; With A Discourse Concerning Bread And Wine. The Second, Dagon's Fall Before The Ark, Volume 2 Thomas Lawson printed and sold by T. Sowle, 1703 Religion; Christian Rituals & Practice; Sacraments; Religion / Christian Rituals & Practice / Sacraments

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ The Life Of John Calvin by T. Lawson]. Thomas Lawson (of West Hartlepool.) Religion; Christianity; Calvinist; Biography & Autobiography / Religious; Religion / Christianity / Calvinist