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Clinical trials have become key technologies for decision making in
the contemporary world. Their results shape medical practice and
determine priorities across health care systems, but the work that
goes into producing credible data is often hidden. Medical Proofs,
Social Experiments draws upon detailed case studies to argue that
to understand their value, we need to pay more attention to the
contexts for these modern medical experiments, recovering the
diverse ways in which they involve doctors, patients and the
public, the local practices that contribute to their completion,
and the complex negotiation of their results in professional and
statutory institutions. Presenting research from the UK, USA,
Sweden and The Netherlands, the ethnographic perspective adopted by
the authors provides a space to explore the investments of
different state, market, professional and other actors in
particular forms of evaluation, and the ways in which trial
methodologies may be re-designed or re-imagined to satisfy social
and political expectations. As such, this volume will be of
interest to those working in the fields of science and technology
studies, the sociology and anthropology of medicine and researchers
of policy and organisation in health care.
The past three decades have seen enormous changes in the
organisation of health care. This book explores the role of
knowledge production and technology on these transformations,
focusing on the market (attempts to embed principles of economic
rationality and efficient use of resources in the shaping and
delivery of health care), the laboratory (science, experiments and
'evidence' in the management of research, practice and policy) and
the forum (the application of deliberative procedures and other
forms of public consultation to health care decision making).
The past three decades have seen enormous changes in the
organisation of health care. This book explores the role of
knowledge production and technology on these transformations,
focusing on the market (attempts to embed principles of economic
rationality and efficient use of resources in the shaping and
delivery of health care), the laboratory (science, experiments and
'evidence' in the management of research, practice and policy) and
the forum (the application of deliberative procedures and other
forms of public consultation to health care decision making).
Clinical trials have become key technologies for decision making in
the contemporary world. Their results shape medical practice and
determine priorities across health care systems, but the work that
goes into producing credible data is often hidden. Medical Proofs,
Social Experiments draws upon detailed case studies to argue that
to understand their value, we need to pay more attention to the
contexts for these modern medical experiments, recovering the
diverse ways in which they involve doctors, patients and the
public, the local practices that contribute to their completion,
and the complex negotiation of their results in professional and
statutory institutions. Presenting research from the UK, USA,
Sweden and The Netherlands, the ethnographic perspective adopted by
the authors provides a space to explore the investments of
different state, market, professional and other actors in
particular forms of evaluation, and the ways in which trial
methodologies may be re-designed or re-imagined to satisfy social
and political expectations. As such, this volume will be of
interest to those working in the fields of science and technology
studies, the sociology and anthropology of medicine and researchers
of policy and organisation in health care.
Ageing is widely recognised as one of the social and economic
challenges in the contemporary, globalised world, for which
scientific, technological and medical solutions are continuously
sought. This book proposes that science and technology also played
a crucial role in the creation and transformation of the ageing
society itself. Drawing on existing work on science, technology and
ageing in sociology, anthropology, history of science, geography
and social gerontology, Science, Technology and the Ageing Society
explores the complex, interweaving relationship between expertise,
scientific and technological standards and social, normatively
embedded age identities. Through a series of case studies focusing
on older people, science and technology, medical research about
ageing and ageing-related illnesses, and the role of expertise in
the management of ageing populations, Moreira challenges the idea
that aging is a problem for the individual and society. Tracing the
epistemic and technological infrastructures that underpin multiple
of ways of aging, this timely volume is a crucial tool for
undergraduate and graduate students interested in social
gerontology, health and social care, sociology of aging, science
and technology studies and medical sociology.
Ageing is widely recognised as one of the social and economic
challenges in the contemporary, globalised world, for which
scientific, technological and medical solutions are continuously
sought. This book proposes that science and technology also played
a crucial role in the creation and transformation of the ageing
society itself. Drawing on existing work on science, technology and
ageing in sociology, anthropology, history of science, geography
and social gerontology, Science, Technology and the Ageing Society
explores the complex, interweaving relationship between expertise,
scientific and technological standards and social, normatively
embedded age identities. Through a series of case studies focusing
on older people, science and technology, medical research about
ageing and ageing-related illnesses, and the role of expertise in
the management of ageing populations, Moreira challenges the idea
that aging is a problem for the individual and society. Tracing the
epistemic and technological infrastructures that underpin multiple
of ways of aging, this timely volume is a crucial tool for
undergraduate and graduate students interested in social
gerontology, health and social care, sociology of aging, science
and technology studies and medical sociology.
This book focuses on the United States' views and political actions
in Portugal during the democratic transition, and should not be
taken for a history of the Portuguese revolution. In other words,
its aim is to evaluate the impact of American actions in the final
outcome of the transition from an authoritarian regime to democracy
in Portugal. To that end, extensive research was carried out during
a four-year period, both in the US and in Portugal, privileging
primary sources, especially American and Portuguese archival
materials, many of which were previously unpublished.
This book deals with a successful example of U.S. support to the
transition from an undemocratic regime to a democratic one in
Portugal. As Samuel Huntington wrote, Portugal represented the
beginning of the "Third Wave of Democracy" and his example served
as a model for subsequent democratization of Spain, Latin America
and even the countries of the former Soviet Union. The Portuguese
case of 1974-1976, is especially important now, as we witness the
beginning of a fourth wave of democratization throughout the Middle
East.
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