This collection of specially commissioned essays provides the first social history of masculinity in the 'long eighteenth century'. Drawing on diaries, court records and prescriptive literature, it explores the different identities of late Stuart and Georgian men. The heterosexual fop, the homosexual, the polite gentleman, the blackguard, the man of religion, the reader of erotica and the violent aggressor are each examined here, and in the process a new and increasingly important field of historical enquiry is opened up to the non-specialist reader. The book opens with a substantial introduction by the Editors. This provides readers with a detailed context for the chapters which follow. The core of the book is divided into four main parts looking at sociability, virtue and friendship, violence, and sexuality. Within this framework each chapter forms a self-contained unit, with its own methodology, sources and argument. The chapters address issues such as the correlations between masculinity and Protestantism; masculinity, Englishness and taciturnity; and the impact of changing representations of homosexual desire on the social organisation of heterosexuality. Misogyny, James Boswell's self-presentation, the literary and metaphorical representation of the body, the roles of gossip and violence in men's lives, are each addressed in individual chapters. The volume is concluded by a wide-ranging synoptic essay by John Tosh, which sets a new agenda for the history of masculinity. An extensive guide to further reading is also provided. Designed for students, academics and the general reader alike, this collection of essays provides a wide-ranging and accessible framework within which to understand eighteenth-century men. Because of the variety of approaches and conclusions it contains, and because this is the first attempt to bring together a comprehensive set of writings on the social history of eighteenth-century masculinity, this volume does something quite new. It de-centres and problematises the male 'standard' and explores the complex and disparate masculinites enacted by the men of this period. This will be essential reading for anyone interested in eighteenth-century British social history.

This collection of specially commissioned essays provides the first social history of masculinity in the 'long eighteenth century'. Drawing on diaries, court records and prescriptive literature, it explores the different identities of late Stuart and Georgian men. The heterosexual fop, the homosexual, the polite gentleman, the blackguard, the man of religion, the reader of erotica and the violent aggressor are each examined here, and in the process a new and increasingly important field of historical enquiry is opened up to the non-specialist reader. The book opens with a substantial introduction by the Editors. This provides readers with a detailed context for the chapters which follow. The core of the book is divided into four main parts looking at sociability, virtue and friendship, violence, and sexuality. Within this framework each chapter forms a self-contained unit, with its own methodology, sources and argument. The chapters address issues such as the correlations between masculinity and Protestantism; masculinity, Englishness and taciturnity; and the impact of changing representations of homosexual desire on the social organisation of heterosexuality. Misogyny, James Boswell's self-presentation, the literary and metaphorical representation of the body, the roles of gossip and violence in men's lives, are each addressed in individual chapters. The volume is concluded by a wide-ranging synoptic essay by John Tosh, which sets a new agenda for the history of masculinity. An extensive guide to further reading is also provided. Designed for students, academics and the general reader alike, this collection of essays provides a wide-ranging and accessible framework within which to understand eighteenth-century men. Because of the variety of approaches and conclusions it contains, and because this is the first attempt to bring together a comprehensive set of writings on the social history of eighteenth-century masculinity, this volume does something quite new. It de-centres and problematises the male 'standard' and explores the complex and disparate masculinites enacted by the men of this period. This will be essential reading for anyone interested in eighteenth-century British social history.

Over the last twenty years more and more historians of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries have turned their eyes away from the records of central administration, towards local archives, and the lives of the poor. What they have found is a wealth of sources some of which chronicle the lives, and many of which record the words, of working people. This book will bring together some of the best work based on these sources.

The world of Pathfinder comes to 5E for the first time! From feral beasts to supernatural sprits from the realm of fey, the Kingmaker Adventure Path forces heroes to test their might against hundreds of foes-be they bandit lords, evil kings, or demigods. This book presents rules for over 275 monsters and villains, 45 traps and hazards, and seven companion NPCs presented with a low-level and mid-level stat block, making them suitable for play as adventuring companions or even pregenerated player characters-all compatible with any Fifth Edition game. Designed to work alongside the new Pathfinder Adventure Path campaign book, this volume makes quick conversion of the campaign to 5E a breeze! Challenge your heroes while playing through the Kingmaker Adventure Path or populate a campaign entirely of your own design!

Celebrate Paizo’s 20th Anniversary with a glorious new special edition of Crown of the Kobold King, the epic original Pathfinder adventure! The town of Falcon’s Hollow is no stranger to peril, yet the danger growing in the dungeons below a nearby ruin pose a threat that only a new band of heroes can face. Ravenous undead, cunning kobolds, and sinister necromancers are but a few of the foes that shall soon menace the small lumber town, yet none are potentially as dangerous as the Kobold King himself! This deluxe, 128-page hardcover gathers three classic Pathfinder adventures into one unforgettable compilation, expanding them into a mini-campaign and introducing a brand-new dungeon level for heroes to explore. Completely updated to Pathfinder Second Edition, the insidious Kobold King and his minions return to bedevil a new generation of adventurers! Will your heroes save the town of Falcon’s Hollow from the Kobold King, or are they doomed to become the king’s latest trophies? The Crown of the Kobold King Anniversary Edition contains: • The original adventures Hollow’s Last Hope, Crown of the Kobold King, and Hungry are the Dead, all expanded and updated for use with Pathfinder Second Edition. • Over a hundred pages of adventure for 1st to 6th-level parties. • A full gazetteer of the lumber town of Falcon’s Hollow. • Fifteen new magic items and other new treasures to discover. • Eight classic monsters from the original adventures, all brand new to Pathfinder Second Edition. This deluxe special edition is bound in faux leather with metallic deboss cover elements and a bound-in ribbon bookmark.

Celebrate Paizo’s 20th Anniversary with a glorious new edition of Crown of the Kobold King, the epic original Pathfinder adventure! The town of Falcon’s Hollow is no stranger to peril, yet the danger growing in the dungeons below a nearby ruin pose a threat that only a new band of heroes can face. Ravenous undead, cunning kobolds, and sinister necromancers are but a few of the foes that shall soon menace the small lumber town, yet none are potentially as dangerous as the Kobold King himself! This deluxe, 128-page hardcover gathers three classic Pathfinder adventures into one unforgettable compilation, expanding them into a mini-campaign and introducing a brand-new dungeon level for heroes to explore. Completely updated to Pathfinder Second Edition, the insidious Kobold King and his minions return to bedevil a new generation of adventurers! Will your heroes save the town of Falcon’s Hollow from the Kobold King, or are they doomed to become the king’s latest trophies? The Crown of the Kobold King Anniversary Edition contains: • The original adventures Hollow’s Last Hope, Crown of the Kobold King, and Hungry are the Dead, all expanded and updated for use with Pathfinder Second Edition. • Over a hundred pages of adventure for 1st to 6th-level parties. • A full gazetteer of the lumber town of Falcon’s Hollow. • Fifteen new magic items and other new treasures to discover. • Eight classic monsters from the original adventures, all brand new to Pathfinder Second Edition.

Bloodlines & Black Magic is a modern, occult-themed horror setting compatible with the Pathfinder Roleplaying Game. Utilizing the O7 variant rules, players build characters who stop advancing at seventh level, but who advance through feat selection, becoming legends who fight monsters, secret government organizations, ancient occult orders, and the secret lineages that really control them. Bloodlines & Black Magic introduces players to the seven core O7 classes: the brawler, the investigator, the mesmerist, the occultist, the psychic, the slayer, and the spiritualist. It also introduces players to seven new bloodlines (replacing 'races' in the game): the dragon blooded, the fey blooded, the infernal blooded, the seraphic blooded, the shadow blooded, and the spirit blooded. Bloodlines & Black Magic also adds dozens of new spells, feats, equipment, magic items, NPCs, foes, and organizations to your modern Pathfinder Roleplaying Game.

London in the eighteenth century was the greatest city in the world, and a magnet that drew men and women from the rest of England in huge numbers. If for a few the streets were paved with gold, for the majority it was a harsh world with little guarantee of money or food. For the poor and destitute, London's streets offered little more than the barest living. Yet men, women and children found a great variety of ways to eke out their existence, sweeping roads, selling matches, singing ballads and performing all sorts of menial labour. Many of these activities, apart from the direct begging of the disabled, depended on an appeal to charity, but one often mixed with threats and promises. Down and Out in Eighteenth-Century London provides a remarkable insight into the lives of Londoners, for all of whom the demands of charity and begging were part of their everyday world. >

London in the eighteenth century was the greatest city in the world. It was a magnet that drew men and women from the rest of Britain, and from further afield, in huge numbers. If for a few the streets were paved with gold, for the majority it was a harsh world with little guarantee of money or food. For the poor and destitute, London's streets offered only the barest livelihood. Yet men, women and children found a great variety of ways to eke out their existence, sweeping roads, selling matches, singing ballads and performing all sorts of menial labour. Many of these activities, apart from the direct begging of the disabled, depended on an appeal to charity, but one often mixed with threats and promises. Down and Out in Eighteenth-Century London provides a remarkable insight into the lives of Londoners, for all of whom the demands of charity and begging were part of their everyday world.

London Lives is a fascinating new study which exposes, for the first time, the lesser-known experiences of eighteenth-century thieves, paupers, prostitutes and highwaymen. It charts the experiences of hundreds of thousands of Londoners who found themselves submerged in poverty or prosecuted for crime, and surveys their responses to illustrate the extent to which plebeian Londoners influenced the pace and direction of social policy. Calling upon a new body of evidence, the book illuminates the lives of prison escapees, expert manipulators of the poor relief system, celebrity highwaymen, lone mothers and vagrants, revealing how they each played the system to the best of their ability in order to survive in their various circumstances of misfortune. In their acts of desperation, the authors argue that the poor and criminal exercised a profound and effective form of agency that changed the system itself, and shaped the evolution of the modern state.

London Lives is a fascinating new study which exposes, for the first time, the lesser-known experiences of eighteenth-century thieves, paupers, prostitutes and highwaymen. It charts the experiences of hundreds of thousands of Londoners who found themselves submerged in poverty or prosecuted for crime, and surveys their responses to illustrate the extent to which plebeian Londoners influenced the pace and direction of social policy. Calling upon a new body of evidence, the book illuminates the lives of prison escapees, expert manipulators of the poor relief system, celebrity highwaymen, lone mothers and vagrants, revealing how they each played the system to the best of their ability in order to survive in their various circumstances of misfortune. In their acts of desperation, the authors argue that the poor and criminal exercised a profound and effective form of agency that changed the system itself, and shaped the evolution of the modern state.

Tales from the Hanging Court draws on published accounts of Old Bailey trials from 1674-1834, a rich seam of social, political and legal history. Through these compelling true stories of theft, murder, rape and blackmail, Hitchcock and Shoemaker capture the early history of the judicial system and the colourful, vibrant and sometimes scandalous world of pre-industrial London: 'This was a time when an orphan could live for a week by stealing a single handkerchief, but be hanged for less; when stocks and pillories were still in use, duels were still fought, and the medieval punishment of 'pressing' to death -- spreadeagled on the ground and poled with heavy weights -- was still on the statute books; when your jailer could invite you upstairs for a beer or leave you in an airless dungeon with no water on a whim; when you might be murdered in your bed for some linen or a silver tankard ...' Time Out In its heyday the court was a soap opera of intrigue, sensation and murky goings on where authors such as Dickens and Defoe would go for inspiration. Thieves and murderers were often caught by members of the public and prosecutions brought by victims. Hitchcock and Shoemaker chart an increasingly sophisticated society taking crime and punishment away from the anarchy of the London mob to put it into a court where a judge and jury meted out justice. The authors paint a vivid picture of a flourishing city where market capitalism and Enlightenment thinking battled to impose order on the chaotic crime that accompanied Britain's economic miracle.