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An early text from Tiqqun that views cybernetics as a fable of late
capitalism, and offers tools for the resistance. The
cybernetician's mission is to combat the general entropy that
threatens living beings, machines, societies-that is, to create the
experimental conditions for a continuous revitalization, to
constantly restore the integrity of the whole. -from The Cybernetic
Hypothesis This early Tiqqun text has lost none of its pertinence.
The Cybernetic Hypothesis presents a genealogy of our "technical"
present that doesn't point out the political and ethical dilemmas
embedded in it as if they were puzzles to be solved, but rather
unmasks an enemy force to be engaged and defeated. Cybernetics in
this context is the tekne of threat reduction, which unfortunately
has required the reduction of a disturbing humanity to packets of
manageable information. Not so easily done. Not smooth. A matter of
civil war, in fact. According to the authors, cybernetics is the
latest master fable, welcomed at a certain crisis juncture in late
capitalism. And now the interesting question is: Has the guest in
the house become the master of the house? The "cybernetic
hypothesis" is strategic. Readers of this little book are not
likely to be naive. They may be already looking, at least in their
heads, for a weapon, for a counter-strategy. Tiqqun here imagines
an unbearable disturbance to a System that can take only so much:
only so much desertion, only so much destituent gesture, only so
much guerilla attack, only so much wickedness and joy.
An urgent critique of the biopolitical subject and omnipresent
Empire. Historical conflict no longer opposes two massive molar
heaps, two classes-the exploited and the exploiters, the dominant
and dominated, managers and workers-between which, in each
individual case, it would be possible to differentiate. The front
line no longer cuts through the middle of society; it now runs
through each one of us... "-from This Is Not a Program Traditional
lines of revolutionary struggle no longer hold. Rather, it is
ubiquitous cybernetics, surveillance, and terror that create the
illusion of difference within hegemony. Configurations of dissent
and the rhetoric of revolution are merely the other face of
capital, conforming identities to empty predicates, ensuring that
even "thieves," "saboteurs," and "terrorists" no longer exceed the
totalizing space of Empire. This Is Not a Program offers two texts,
both originally published in French by Tiqqun with Introduction to
Civil War in 2001. In This Is Not a Program, Tiqqun outlines a new
path for resistance and struggle in the age of Empire, one that
eschews the worn-out example of France's May '68 in favor of what
they consider to be the still fruitful and contemporary
insurrectionary movements in Italy of the 1970s. "As a Science of
Apparatuses" examines the way Empire has enforced on the subject a
veritable metaphysics of isolation and pacification, "apparatuses"
that include chairs, desks, computers; surveillance (security
guards, cameras); disease (depression); crutch (cell phone, lover,
sedative); and authority. Tiqqun's critique of the biopolitical
subject and omnipresent Empire is all the more urgent as we become
inured to the permanent state of exception that is the War on
Terror and to other, no less intimate forms of pacification. But
all is not lost. In its unrelenting production of the Same, Empire
itself creates the conditions necessary for the insurrection to
come.
A theoretical dissection of capitalism's ultimate form of
merchandise: the living spectacle of the Young-Girl. The Young-Girl
is not always young; more and more frequently, she is not even
female. She is the figure of total integration in a disintegrating
social totality. -from Theory of the Young-Girl First published in
France in 1999, Preliminary Materials for a Theory of the
Young-Girl dissects the impossibility of love under Empire. The
Young-Girl is consumer society's total product and model citizen:
whatever "type" of Young-Girl she may embody, whether by whim or
concerted performance, she can only seduce by consuming. Filled
with the language of French women's magazines, rooted in Proust's
figure of Albertine and the amusing misery of (teenage) romance in
Witold Gombrowicz's Ferdydurke, and informed by Pierre Klossowski's
notion of "living currency" and libidinal economy, Preliminary
Materials for a Theory of the Young-Girl diagnoses-and makes
visible-a phenomenon that is so ubiquitous as to have become
transparent. In the years since the book's first publication in
French, the worlds of fashion, shopping, seduction plans, makeover
projects, and eating disorders have moved beyond the comparatively
tame domain of paper magazines into the perpetual accessibility of
Internet culture. Here the Young-Girl can seek her own reflection
in corporate universals and social media exchanges of
"personalities" within the impersonal realm of the marketplace.
Tracing consumer society's colonization of youth and sexuality
through the Young-Girl's "freedom" (in magazine terms) to do
whatever she wants with her body, Tiqqun exposes the rapaciously
competitive and psychically ruinous landscape of modern love.
Activists explore the possibility that a new practice of communism
may emerge from the end of society as we know it. Society no longer
exists, at least in the sense of a differentiated whole. There is
only a tangle of norms and mechanisms through which THEY hold
together the scattered tatters of the global biopolitical fabric,
through which THEY prevent its violent disintegration. Empire is
the administrator of this desolation, the supreme manager of a
process of listless implosion.-from Introduction to Civil War
Society is not in crisis, society is at an end. The things we used
to take for granted have all been vaporized. Politics was one of
these things, a Greek invention that condenses around an equation:
to hold a position means to take sides, and to take sides means to
unleash civil war. Civil war, position, sides-these were all one
word in the Greek: stasis. If the history of the modern state in
all its forms-absolute, liberal, welfare-has been the continuous
attempt to ward off this stasis, the great novelty of contemporary
imperial power is its embrace of civil war as a technique of
governance and disorder as a means of maintaining control. Where
the modern state was founded on the institution of the law and its
constellation of divisions, exclusions, and repressions, imperial
power has replaced them with a network of norms and apparatuses
that conspire in the production of the biopolitical citizens of
Empire. In their first book available in English, Tiqqun explores
the possibility of a new practice of communism, finding a
foundation for an ontology of the common in the politics of
friendship and the free play of forms-of-life. They see the ruins
of society as the ideal setting for the construction of the
community to come. In other words: the situation is excellent. Now
is not the time to lose courage.
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