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This book is a systematic guide to the recognition and
interpretation of deformation microstructures and mechanisms in
minerals and rocks at the scale of a thin section. Diagnostic
features of microstructures and mechanisms are emphasized, and the
subject is extensively illustrated with high-quality color and
black and white photomicrographs, and many clear diagrams. After
introducing three main classes of deformation microstructures and
mechanisms, low- to high-grade deformation is presented in a
logical sequence in Chapters 2 to 5. Magmatic/submagmatic
deformation, shear sense indicators, and shock microstructures and
metamorphism are described in Chapters 6 to 8, which are innovative
chapters in a structural geology textbook. The final chapter shows
how deformation microstructures and mechanisms can be used
quantitatively to understand the behavior of the earth. Recent
experimental research on failure criteria, frictional sliding laws,
and flow laws is summarized in tables, and palaeopiezometry is
discussed. Audience: This book is essential to all practising
structural and tectonic geologists who use thin sections, and is an
invaluable research tool for advanced undergraduates,
postgraduates, lecturers and researchers in structural geology and
tectonics.
Concepts and methods of fractal geometry penetrate various branches
of human knowledge to an increasing degree. This tendency is
particularly striking in the geosciences, because many processes
occurring in and on the Earth result in time dependences and
spatial patterns that have a fractal character. The contributions
in this volume arose from the "3rd International Symposium on
Fractals and Dynamic Systems in Geosciences," held at Stara Lesna,
Slovakia in June, 1997. The volume contains new ideas and
applications of fractal geometry in such diverse branches of
geoscience as engineering geology, the physics of the lithosphere
(including faulting, seismicity, and fluid flow), and climate
behavior.
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