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The vestibular labyrinth consists of ? ve compartments: the
lateral, anterior, and posterior semicircular canals, the utricule,
and the saccule. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Robert
Barany proposed the caloric test as a clinical test of the lateral
semicircular canal. This test enabled clinicians to assess the
individual lateral semicircular canal function easily by using the
simple method of irrigating the external ear canal with cold or
warm water and observing the induced nyst- mus. We believe that the
caloric test was a breakthrough in the ? eld of vestibular
research. However, as far as the other compartments were concerned,
there was no simple clinical test equal to the caloric test for the
lateral semicircular canal function. At the end of the twentieth
century, the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test was
proposed as a new method for assessing the individual saccule
function. This test has some unique attributes. First, it uses
sound stimulation, even though it is a test of the vestibular
system. This appears to be a contradiction n- rophysiologically. As
a result, in its early stages there were controversies conce- ing
the origin of the responses. However, such controversies have been
overcome by basic neurophysiological studies and clinical studies.
Above all, sound sensit- ity of the saccular afferents shown in
cats and guinea pigs with single-unit recording methods became the
main supporting evidence. Nowadays, VEMP is one of the routine
clinical tests for balance disorder."
The vestibular labyrinth consists of ? ve compartments: the
lateral, anterior, and posterior semicircular canals, the utricule,
and the saccule. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Robert
Barany proposed the caloric test as a clinical test of the lateral
semicircular canal. This test enabled clinicians to assess the
individual lateral semicircular canal function easily by using the
simple method of irrigating the external ear canal with cold or
warm water and observing the induced nyst- mus. We believe that the
caloric test was a breakthrough in the ? eld of vestibular
research. However, as far as the other compartments were concerned,
there was no simple clinical test equal to the caloric test for the
lateral semicircular canal function. At the end of the twentieth
century, the vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test was
proposed as a new method for assessing the individual saccule
function. This test has some unique attributes. First, it uses
sound stimulation, even though it is a test of the vestibular
system. This appears to be a contradiction n- rophysiologically. As
a result, in its early stages there were controversies conce- ing
the origin of the responses. However, such controversies have been
overcome by basic neurophysiological studies and clinical studies.
Above all, sound sensit- ity of the saccular afferents shown in
cats and guinea pigs with single-unit recording methods became the
main supporting evidence. Nowadays, VEMP is one of the routine
clinical tests for balance disorder."
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