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This edited volume examines the use of militarised responses to
different forms of criminal activity, discussing the outcomes and
unintended consequences. Politicians and policymakers frequently
use militarised responses to look tough on crime. The deployment of
armies, navies, military assets and militarised approaches can send
a powerful message, but have produced mixed results. While they
generate the perception that governments are actively engaged on
issues of concern to the public, and in some cases have resulted in
notable successes, on the downside they have frequently also
increased the loss of life, exacerbated the humanitarian
consequences of a particular crime and entrenched divides between
security and state institutions and the criminal proponents,
narrowing the possibilities for future negotiated solutions. By
focusing on four different areas of criminality - wildlife crime,
piracy, migration and drug trafficking - the book allows context
and evidence-based conclusions to be drawn on the strategic value
and commonality of responses and their outcomes.
This edited volume examines the use of militarised responses to
different forms of criminal activity, discussing the outcomes and
unintended consequences. Politicians and policymakers frequently
use militarised responses to look tough on crime. The deployment of
armies, navies, military assets and militarised approaches can send
a powerful message, but have produced mixed results. While they
generate the perception that governments are actively engaged on
issues of concern to the public, and in some cases have resulted in
notable successes, on the downside they have frequently also
increased the loss of life, exacerbated the humanitarian
consequences of a particular crime and entrenched divides between
security and state institutions and the criminal proponents,
narrowing the possibilities for future negotiated solutions. By
focusing on four different areas of criminality - wildlife crime,
piracy, migration and drug trafficking - the book allows context
and evidence-based conclusions to be drawn on the strategic value
and commonality of responses and their outcomes.
Covid-19 is reshaping and challenging governments, societies and
economies in previously unimaginable ways--but gangsters and
profiteers have adapted. They have found new routes for illegal
commodities, from narcotics to people. Shortages, lockdowns and
public attitudes have brought the underworld and upperworld closer
together, as criminals strive to meet needs, maximise opportunities
and fill governance vacuums. Unscrupulous fraudsters are touting
fake remedies to desperate people: counterfeit drugs, and
trafficked wildlife used in traditional medicine. Social distancing
and restrictions have seen online transactions and cyber-ops
replacing or supplementing physical shipments, opening
opportunities for scammers and hackers. Heavy-handed state
responses have created new illicit markets by prohibiting the sale
of particular goods and services, while some elites have
capitalised on the pandemic for personal or political gain. Covid
has cast a long shadow over the rule of law. Criminal Contagion
uncovers its extraordinary impacts on the global illicit economy,
and their long-term implications.
Migrant, Refugee, Smuggler, Savior investigates one of the most
under-examined aspects of the great migration crisis of our time.
As millions seek passage to Europe, in order to escape violent
conflicts, repressive governments, and crushing poverty, their
movements are enabled and actively encouraged by criminal networks
that amass billions of dollars by facilitating their transport.
Many of these smugglers carry out their activities with little
regard for human rights, which has led to a manifold increase in
human suffering, not only in the Mediterranean Sea, but also along
the overland smuggling routes that cross the Sahara, penetrate deep
into the Balkans, and through hidden corners of Europe's capitals.
But some of these smugglers are revered as saviors by those they
move, for it is they who deliver men, women, and children to a
safer place and a better life. Disconcertingly, it is often
criminals who help the most desperate among us when the
international system fails to come to their aid. This book is a
measured attempt, born of years of research and reporting in the
field, to better understand how human-smuggling networks function,
the ways in which they have evolved, and what they mean for peace
and security in the future.
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