CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS The 13 chapters in this book cover the various aspects associated with Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) such as algorithms, application areas, and the improvement of existing technology such as machine learning, big data and robotics. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) is the interconnection of the virtual or cyber and the physical system. It is realized by combining three well-known technologies, namely "Embedded Systems," "Sensors and Actuators," and "Network and Communication Systems." These technologies combine to form a system known as CPS. In CPS, the physical process and information processing are so tightly connected that it is hard to distinguish the individual contribution of each process from the output. Some exciting innovations such as autonomous cars, quadcopter, spaceships, sophisticated medical devices fall under CPS. The scope of CPS is tremendous. In CPS, one sees the applications of various emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), big data (BD), robotics, quantum technology, etc. In almost all sectors, whether it is education, health, human resource development, skill improvement, startup strategy, etc., one sees an enhancement in the quality of output because of the emergence of CPS into the field. Audience Researchers in Information technology, artificial intelligence, robotics, electronics and electrical engineering.

In this book the CAD/CAM/CAE-Technology is judiciously used for the contribution to design optimization of tillage tool system by conducting a simulation experiments using FEM method on geometric solid model. The concept of reverse engineering as well as an innovative approach can be used for geometry creation. The software environment with influencing parameters are set with standards by loading and boundary conditions for developing a computer aided engineering analysis cycle. The software generated simulation reports with a stress distribution&deformations patterns in individual component as well as whole assembly are useful to confirm a design specification. The structural analysis by identifying the scope in design modification is practiced for optimum energy utilization with an economic and efficient use of tillage tool. The application of such methods are introduced for precision manufacturing of agricultural tools & implements. In this issue only sweep & rotary tillage tools are discussed for primary and secondary tillage tool process optimization to confirm a manufacturing process. The present research study is beneficial to an agricultural industry, researcher & farmer.