Telecommunication is the transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. In modern times, this process typically involves the sending of electromagnetic waves by electronic transmitters, but in earlier times telecommunication may have involved the use of smoke signals, drums or semaphore or heliograph. Today, telecommunication is widespread and devices that assist the process, such as the television, radio and telephone, are common in many parts of the world. There are also many networks that connect these devices, including computer networks, public telephone networks, radio networks and television networks. Computer communication across the Internet is one of many examples of telecommunication. This book presents the latest research from around the world.

English summary: This is the first book to provide a broad outline of the hitherto unknown history of the premodern text. Following the new approach of historical semantics, the contributions look at how the term textus was used during the Middle Ages. Drawing on a wide range of sources (hagiography, historiography, rural, urban and canon law, letters, patristic and theological writings, images, musical notation), they enable the various usages of textus to be appreciated within various fields of tradition and action. Both long-term continuities and changes in meaning are revealed. German description: Der alltagliche und wissenschaftliche Umlauf des Wortes Text ist begleitet von weitgehender Unkenntnis uber seine Sinn- und Gebrauchsgeschichte. Gilt heute nahezu jeder schriftliche sinntragende Gegenstand als Text, war dies noch vor wenigen Jahrzehnten deutlich, in der Vormoderne sogar radikal anders. Die Beitrage dieses Bandes liefern die erste breit gefacherte Historisierung der vormodernen Geschichte des Textes. Einzelstudien uber Verskunst, Hagiographie, Historiographie, Briefe, Kirchenrecht, Liturgie, Theologie, universitares Lehrschrifttum, mittelhochdeutsche Dichtungen, landliches und stadtisches Recht, Illustrationen, Malerei und Musiknotate beleuchten langfristige linguistische Profile, Momente des Wortgebrauchs und wichtige Neuerungen wie Wandlungen des Begriffs Text.