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Designed in 1948 by the brilliant Walter Beech, the T-34 Mentor was
intended as a low cost replacement for the T-6/NJ Texan. The
aircraft bore many similarities to the Beechcraft Bonanza, but had
a two-seat cockpit with bubble canopy, and a conventional tail. The
original T-34s were equipped with a piston engine. Fifteen years
after production ceased, the design was upgraded and deliveries
began of a turbo-prop equipped T-34C Turbo-Mentor, which remained
in production until 1990. The T-34 is one of the most reliable
aircraft of its type with many remaining in service today, six
decades after it was first produced. Over 2300 Mentors in various
versions were produced worldwide, including the T-34A for the Air
Force and the T-34B variant for the U.S. Navy.
The T-33 "Thunderbird" was the training variant of the U.S. Air
Force's first production jet fighter, the F/P-80 "Shooting Star."
Originally designed by Lockheed's "Kelly" Johnson during WWII, the
P-80 went from drawing board to airborne in a record 150 days. The
T-bird was three feet longer than the P-80, and boasted a second
seat, instrumentation and flight controls. Equipped with an Allison
J33 turbojet, the T-33 had a maximum speed of 600 mph, a range of
over 1200 miles in ferry, and a service ceiling of 48,000 feet. The
Navy also operated the T-33 as the TV-2 or T-33B, and eventually
produced a carrier-capable variant called the T2V-1/T-1A SeaStar.
In addition to its role as a trainer, the plane served as a drone
control aircraft, reconnaissance platform, and target tow aircraft.
In foreign service the T-33, which could carry rockets, bombs and
gun pods, was used as a combat aircraft. Perhaps its most notable
combat role was during the Bay of Pigs, when T-33s flown by the
Cuban Revolutionary Air Force (FAR) attacked ships and aircraft of
the exile forces, helping fend off the invasion. One of the most
successful and enduring aircraft in history, the T-33 flew in the
air forces of over 30 nations. Over 6500 were produced between
1949-59, and some continue to fly today. Originally printed by
Lockheed and the U.S.A.F., this Flight Operating Handbook taught
pilots everything they needed to know before entering the cockpit.
Originally classified "Restricted," the manual was declassified and
is here reprinted in book form. This affordable facsimile has been
slightly reformatted. Care has been taken however to preserve the
integrity of the text.
The first ICBM to be developed and deployed by the United States,
the Atlas had a range of 5500 nautical miles and could achieve a
speed of 15,500 mph. Depending on configuration, it could be
equipped with either a W-49 (1.45 megaton) or W-38 (4.5 megaton)
thermonuclear warhead. The Atlas' development can be traced to a
series of research and development studies performed in the wake of
WWII by the Convair company. These led to the company winning a
contract in 1951 for a long range missile. The three-engine XSM-65A
design that eventually emerged featured a thin skin, inflated by
internal fuel pressure like a balloon, and had "one and a half"
stages. In this configuration, both the main booster and sustainer
engines ignited at lift-off, with the boosters dropped in flight.
(This unique feature was intended to make certain the sustainer
engine could fire at high altitudes, something later determined to
not be a problem). The missile burned kerosene and liquid oxygen
fuel, and relied on a radio-command / inertial guidance
system.After some teething problems including the loss of the
prototype Atlas, the missile flew successfully on December 17,
1957. A little under two years later, the first USAF Atlas ICBM
squadron consisting of three missiles on unprotected pads was
activated at Vandenburg AFB. Subsequent deployments featured
hardened "coffins" in which the missile would be stored
horizontally. After a launch order was issued, the Atlas would be
raised, fueled, and launched - a hazardous process that took about
fifteen minutes. The system's inherent vulnerability and long
reaction time eventually led the Air Force to construct silos
similar to those used with the Titan I, which lowered the response
time considerably. The use of volatile fuel mixtures in the
confined silo environment proved to be extremely dangerous however,
and led to four catastrophic accidents. As second generation
missiles came on the scene such as the Titan II and Minuteman,
Atlas became obsolete. By April 1965, all Atlas ICBMs were phased
out. At the peak 129 of the missiles were deployed, and nearly 350
were built during the program. Many of these would be recycled as
launch vehicles for satellites. Notably, members of the Atlas
family placed four of America's Mercury astronauts in orbit.Created
by the Air Force for the men who stood "on alert" with the Atlas,
this technical manual contains descriptions of the HGM-16F missile,
launch complex, handling and transport, checkout and launch
operations, emergency procedures, and more. Originally restricted,
it has been declassified and is reprinted here in book form. Some
portions have been reformatted, but care has been taken to preserve
the integrity of the text.
Created by famed Lockheed designer Kelly Johnson, the F-104
Starfighter was designed to compete with Soviet Mig-15s. Equipped
with a huge and powerful J79 engine, the aircraft could reach
speeds well in excess of Mach 2.0, while its thin, trapezoidal wing
provided extremely low drag with terrific acceleration and rate of
climb. Unforgiving and sensitive to control inputs, the F-104
killed many pilots and developed a reputation as a "widow-maker."
Despite its shortcomings, the Starfighter enjoyed a long career. It
flew in the air support role during "Rolling Thunder" in the
Vietnam War. It also saw extensive service in foreign air forces
and NATO. NASA continued to use the F-104 as a support aircraft
until 1995. This pilot's flight operating handbook was originally
produced by the USAF. It has been slightly reformatted but is
reproduced here in its entirety. It provides a fascinating view
inside the cockpit of one of history's great planes.
This manual outlines required material for all phases of aircraft
performance. It is a source document for the basic flight engineer
course. It directs new flight engineers in learning the technical
language and practical application related to flight. It furnishes
the experienced flight engineers with background and review
information. The aircraft performance technology presented in this
manual is not limited to one specific airframe. For the most part,
the technical language, performance charts, and procedures are
common to all transport aircraft. There are two major factors that
are responsible for the differences. These are a specific
aircraft's design and the way different aircraft performance
procedures to support that design. These factors may make a given
performance limitation critical for one aircraft and insignificant
for another. The material contained in this manual provides
information relative to the duties of the flight engineer, the
atmosphere, aerodynamics, power plants, weight and balance, and
aircraft flight performance. It also includes guidelines for
mission planning.
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