The 6th volume of the book series Acute Leukemias presents both therapeutic and prognostic updates of the most recent results of major multicenter clinical trials. Additional chapters report on new trends in leucemia cell biology, the monitoring of minimal residual disease and secondary leucemias as well as new antileucemic drugs, antimicrobial strategies and the use of cytocines. Acute Leukemias VI provides a new update on the rapid progress being made internationally concerning leucemic diseases.

The results of treatment for childhood acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) have improved considerably during the last ten years. This progress was demonstrated by the two consecutive multicenter studies, AML-BFM-78 and -83, in which almost identical extended multi drug regimes of che motherapy were administered for eight weeks and followed up by two years maintenance. The main difference in the second study was the addition of an eight-day intensive in duction course. Due to this new element, the relapse rate was reduced significantly. Another result of the BFM-83 study was the definition of two risk groups on the basis of standardized treatment, which has lead to a risk-adapted treatment strategy in the third ongoing trial, AML-BFM- 87. This improvement was only possible thanks to the coop eration of pediatricians, physicians, radiotherapists, statisti cians, and especially the staff at the hospitals and reference laboratories. Thus, we would like to thank everyone who has been involved in these studies and hope that they will be further encouraged to improve treatment strategies for AML in children. The coordination, enforcement, and analyses of the stud ies would not have been possible without the financial sup port of the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology of the FRG. We are grateful for the generous contributions supporting this book from Lederle and Farmitalia. Munster, April 1990 Ursula Creutzig Jorg Ritter Gunther Schellong Contents 1 Introduction . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 1 ."