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The advances in human genetics that have ocurred during the past 20
years have revolutionized our knowledge of the role played by
inheritance in health and disase. It is clear that our DNA
determines not only the emergence of catastrophic single-gene
disorders, which affect millions of persons worldwide, but also
interacts with environments to predispose individuals to cancer,
allergy, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, psychiatric
disorders and even to some infectious diseases. Overall, the study
of longevity and the demonstration of genes favouring a long
lifespan suggest that such protective systems exist. In recent
years, the study of genetic polymorphisms has made clear that some
alleles have beneficial effects. These discoveries can
substantially improve our understanding of the interactions between
genetics and the environment, between pathogenetic mechanisms and
new treatments.
The advances in human genetics that have ocurred during the past 20
years have revolutionized our knowledge of the role played by
inheritance in health and disase. It is clear that our DNA
determines not only the emergence of catastrophic single-gene
disorders, which affect millions of persons worldwide, but also
interacts with environments to predispose individuals to cancer,
allergy, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, psychiatric
disorders and even to some infectious diseases. Overall, the study
of longevity and the demonstration of genes favouring a long
lifespan suggest that such protective systems exist. In recent
years, the study of genetic polymorphisms has made clear that some
alleles have beneficial effects. These discoveries can
substantially improve our understanding of the interactions between
genetics and the environment, between pathogenetic mechanisms and
new treatments.
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