This text discusses factors such as mast overload, capacity of drawworks, and deviation in the hole to be drilled and the strata to be drilled. An omnibus approach to drilling techniques and problems is adopted.

The increasing number of dams built in the last century has underlined the necessity of these constructions to the all-round development of a country. The advent of rock mechanics, engineering geology and a better understanding of materials have made it possible to construct higher and larger dams and to tackle more difficult sites. The assumptions and risks used in the theory of dam design include such unpredictable events as earthquakes, floods, and geological faults or soft seams, which may be either underestimated or completely missed during initial exploration. Incidents relating to dams are manageable at an early stage, whereas accidents, which are largely unforeseen, result in unexpected behaviour of dams and in catastrophic failures. Investigations conducted to determine the cause of a failure may not reveal the true sequence of events, while expert analyses are often controversial. From the dams that do not fail, of course, we learn nothing. Systematically monitoring the dam's behaviour from the potential risk stage to the accident event, would allow a hazard-management programme to be implemented, minimising loss of life and property, and provide useful data.

The papers compiled in this book cover almost all aspects of in-situ characterization ranging from rock mass classification measurement of in-situ stresses, strength and deformation characteristics to field instrumentation and back analysis of observations made.

The papers included in this book describe various in-situ tests, routine and soil-specific, being used in various countries. The work opens new vistas of improvement in in-situ tests for soils to suit certain specific soil-structure interaction and designed performance of structure