This comprehensive book containing essential information on the applicability of thermal analysis techniques to evaluate inorganic and organic materials in construction technology should serve as a useful reference for the scientist, engineer, construction technologist, architect, manufacturer, and user of construction materials, standard-writing bodies, and analytical chemists. The material scientists at the National Research Council of Canada have established one of the best thermal analysis laboratories in the world. Various types of thermal analysis techniques have been applied successfully to the investigation of inorganic and organic construction materials. These studies have provided important information on the characterization of raw as well as finished materials, quality control, quantitative estimation, interrelationships between physical, chemical, mechanical, and durability characteristics. Information on the application of thermal analysis to construction materials is dispersed in literature and hence the IRC scientists embarked on producing a handbook, the first of its kind, incorporating the latest knowledge available in this field of activity. Almost all important construction materials have been included.

Preface ix - Acknowledgments xiii - Abbreviations xv - I. Differential Thermal Analysis Technique - II. Theory and Typical Applications 28 - II.l Theoretical Considerations 28 - II.2 Typical Applications 34 - III. Formation of Portland Cement Clinker and Polymorphism of C3S and C2S 54 - III.1 Formation of Portland Cement Clinker 54 - 111.2 Polymorphism of C3S 71 - III.3 Polymorphism of C2S 75 - IV. Hydration of Portland Cement 81 - IV.l Systems Containing CaO, AI20 a, Si02, and H20 at Ordinary Temperatures 81 - IV.2 Hydration of Portland Cement 88 V. Hydration of Individual Phases in Portland Cement 111 - V.l Hydration of C3A 111 - V.2 Hydration of C3S and B-C2S 127 - V.3 Hydration of the Ferrite Phase 135 - VI. Hydration of C3A in Presence of Salts 139 - VI.1 Hydration of C3A in Presence of Gypsum 139 - VI.2 Hydration of C3A in Presence of Lignosulfonate 155 - VI. 3 Hydration of C3A in Presence of Calcium Chloride 159 - VI.4 Hydration of C3A in Presence of Calcium Carbonate 160 - VII. Autoclaved Cementitious Products 165 - VIII. Non-Portland Cements Based on Silicates and Aluminates 196 - VIII.1 Slags and Slag Cements 196 - VIII.2 High Alumina Cement 206 - VIII.3 Pozzolanas and Pozzolanic Cements 213 - VIII.4 Oil Well Cement 222 - VIII.5 Hydraulic Lime 223 - VIlI.6 Expanding Cement 227 - VIII.7 Acid-Proof Cement 230 - IX. Other Non-Portland Cements 231 - IX.l Magnesium Oxychloride and Oxysulfate Cement 231 - IX.2 Gypsum Plaster 251 - IX.3 Sand-Lime Mortar 271 - IX.4 Phosphate Cement 275 - X. Aggregates 276 - Subject Index 297 - Author Index 303 -

Multisensory Perception: From Laboratory to Clinic surveys the current state of knowledge on multisensory processes, synthesizing information from diverse streams of research and defining hypotheses and questions to direct future work. Reflecting the nature of the field, the book is interdisciplinary, comprising the findings and views of writers with diverse backgrounds and varied methods, including psychophysical, neuroanatomical, neurophysiological and neuroimaging approaches. Sections cover basic principles, specific interactions between the senses, the topic of crossmodal correspondences between particular sensory attributes, the related topic of synesthesia, and the clinic.

Neuroscientist V.S. Ramachandran is internationally renowned for uncovering answers to the deep and quirky questions of human nature that few scientists have dared to address. His bold insights about the brain are matched only by the stunning simplicity of his experiments -- using such low-tech tools as cotton swabs, glasses of water and dime-store mirrors. In Phantoms in the Brain, Dr. Ramachandran recounts how his work with patients who have bizarre neurological disorders has shed new light on the deep architecture of the brain, and what these findings tell us about who we are, how we construct our body image, why we laugh or become depressed, why we may believe in God, how we make decisions, deceive ourselves and dream, perhaps even why we're so clever at philosophy, music and art. Some of his most notable cases:

• A woman paralyzed on the left side of her body who believes she is lifting a tray of drinks with both hands offers a unique opportunity to test Freud's theory of denial.
• A man who insists he is talking with God challenges us to ask: Could we be "wired" for religious experience?
• A woman who hallucinates cartoon characters illustrates how, in a sense, we are all hallucinating, all the time.

Dr. Ramachandran's inspired medical detective work pushes the boundaries of medicine's last great frontier -- the human mind -- yielding new and provocative insights into the "big questions" about consciousness and the self.

Phantoms In The Brain, using a series of case histories, introduces strange and unexplored mental worlds. Ramachandran, through his research into brain damage, has discovered that the brain is continually organising itself in response to change. A woman maintains that her left arm is not paralysed, a young man loses his right arm in a motorcycle accident, yet he continues to feel a phantom arm with vivid sensation of movement. In a series of experiments using nothing more than Q-tips and dribbles of warm water the young man helped Ramachandran discover how the brain is remapped after injury. Ramachandran believes that cases such as these illustrate fundamental principles of how the human brain operates. The brain ‘needs to create a "script" or a story to make sense of the world, a unified and internally consistent belief system.’

Ramachandran’s radical new approach will have far-reaching effects.

In this landmark work, V. S. Ramachandran investigates strange, unforgettable cases from patients who believe they are dead to sufferers of phantom limb syndrome. With a storyteller s eye for compelling case studies and a researcher s flair for new approaches to age-old questions, Ramachandran tackles the most exciting and controversial topics in brain science, including language, creativity, and consciousness."

John, aged sixty, suffered a stroke and recovered fully, except in one respect: although he can see perfectly, he can no longer recognise faces, even his own reflection in a mirror. Whenever Francesca touches a particular texture, she experiences a vivid emotion: denim = extreme sadness; wax = embarrassment; orange peel = shock. Jimmie, whose left arm was recently amputated, can still feel it - and it's itchy. Our brains are the most enchanting and complex things in the known universe - but what happens when they go wrong? Dr V. S. Ramachandran, 'the Sherlock Holmes of brain science' and one of the world's leading neuroscientists, has spent a lifetime working with patients who suffer from rare and baffling brain conditions. In The Tell-Tale Brain, he tells their stories, and explores what they reveal about the greatest mystery of them all: how our minds work, and what makes each of us so uniquely human.

The present day is witnessing an explosion of our understanding of how the brain works at all levels, in which complexity is piled on complexity, and mechanisms of astonishing elegance are being continually discovered. This process is most developed in the major areas of the brain, such as the cortex, thalamus, and striatum. "The Claustrum" instead focuses on a small, remote, and, until recently, relatively unknown area of the brain. In recent years, researchers have come to believe that the claustrum is concerned with consciousness, a bold hypothesis supported by the claustrum s two-way connections with nearly every other region of the brain and its seeming involvement with multisensory integrations the hallmark of consciousness. The claustrum, previously in a humble position at the back of the stage, might in fact be the conductor of the brain s orchestra.

"The Claustrum" brings together leading experts on the claustrum from the varied disciplines of neuroscience, providing a state-of-the-art presentation of what is currently known about the claustrum, promising lines of current research (including epigenetics), and projections of new lines of investigation on the horizon.
Develops a unifying hypothesis about the claustrum s role in consciousness, as well as the integration of sensory information and other higher brain functions. Discusses the involvement of the claustrum with autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy, Alzheimer s disease, and Parkinson s diseaseCoverage of all aspects of the claustrum, from its evolution and development to promising new lines of research, including epigenetics, provides a platform and point of reference for future investigative efforts
"

A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness: Back Cover Copy

"Vintage Ramachandran, packed with ideas that are bold, irreverent, original, and ingenious. People who have never thought much about the brain will be intrigued, but so will those who, like me, have spent most of their lives thinking about the brain. It is truly a breath of fresh air."

-David Hubel, Nobel Laureate, Harvard University, author of Eye, Brain, and Vision

"An extraordinary book by a remarkable scientist! Ramachandran is in many ways the modern Paul Broca, the great French neurologist who opened up the biological analysis of higher mental functions by studying patients with brain lesions. In a similar vein Ramachandran has used the study of patients to elucidate a range of fascinating mental functions. His insights have stimulated discussions in neuroscience over the last 25 years. Here is Ramachandran at his best; his most lucid and creative."

-Eric R. Kandel, M.D., Nobel Laureate, Columbia University

" Ramachandran is a latter-day Marco Polo, journeying the silk road of science to strange and exotic Cathays of the mind. He returns laden with phenomenological treasures...which, in his subtle and expert telling, yield more satisfying riches of scientific understanding."

-Richard Dawkins, Oxford University, author of The Blind Watchmaker

"An unusually clever neuroscientist explains baffling cases in neurology and neuropsychiatry and concludes that brain science can now resolve many of the age-old quanderies of philosophers. A thought-provoking, wonderful read."

-Roger Guillemin, Nobel Laureate, The Salk Institute

"Today we' re going through a revolution in neuroscience. The tidal wave of new researchcan be overwhelming, but V. S. Ramachandran, drawing on his own pioneering work on patients, succeeds in creating a witty, elegant introduction to the mysteries and revelations to be found within our skulls."

-Carl Zimmer, author of Soul Made Flesh

"V. S. Ramachandran is one of our most gifted physicians and expositors, and in this new book he illuminates everything he touches--whether it is phantom limbs and how they can be ' cured'; or how the brain can generate illusions and delusions; or synesthesia and its relation to metaphor, creativity, and art; or the ultimate questions of how brain relates to mind." A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness belongs to that rare category of scientific book, one as accessible as it is deep."

Oliver Sacks, M.D.

How can some people come to believe that their poodle is an impostor? Or see colors in numbers? Internationally acclaimed neuroscientist V. S. Ramachandran now shares his unique insight into human consciousness in an entertaining, inspiring, and intellectually dazzling brief tour of the ultimate frontier--the thoughts in our heads.

"A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness is made up of five investigations of the greatest mysteries of the brain. The first chapter shows how amputees feel pain in limbs they no longer have as it introduces the great revolution of our age: neuroscience. The second chapter walks through how what we see determines our thoughts, and demonstrates the counterintuitive point that believing is in fact seeing. The third chapter takes a leap beyond cutting edge science to audaciously set out a general theory of beauty, explaining why, the world over, cultures have fundamentally similar notions of what isattractive. The fourth chapter explores the bizarre world of synesthetes, people who see colors in numbers, textures in smells, sounds in sights, and flavors in sounds. Finally, V. S. Ramachandran, one of the foremost neuroscientists in the world today, sums up the implications of the revolution in our understanding of consciousness to make a fascinating argument about our essential sense of self and its distributed nature.

Take a tour with the perfect guide to one of the strangest places in the natural world, the human mind.

V. S. Ramachandran, M.D., Ph.D., is Director of the Center for Brain and Cognition and Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of California, San Diego, and Adjunct Professor of Biology at The Salk Institute. He has received many honors and awards including the Presidential Lecture Award from the American Academy of Neurology and the Ramon y Cajal Award from the International Neuropsychiatry Society.

He gave the inaugural keynote lecture at the Decade of the Brain conference held by the National Institute of Mental Health at the Library of Congress. His critically acclaimed "Phantoms in the Brain has been translated into eight languages. "Newsweek has named him a member of "The Century Club"--one of the hundred most prominent people to watch in the twenty-first century.

He lives in Del Mar, California.(c) Copyright Pearson Education. All rights reserved.