Manufacturing companies have just begun to implement the concepts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) on a larger scale. Still, this area is characterized by a rapid pace of technological change, blurring boundaries between physical, digital, and biological systems, and a quickly changing growing political, economic, and social environment -- leading to high uncertainty in decision making and many questions about the future development in this field. To provide guidance and inspiration for managers and academics on the future of digital manufacturing systems, this book presents the results of an extensive Delphi study on next-generation manufacturing systems, with a projection period of up to 2030. We analyzed almost 2000 quantitative estimations and more than 600 qualitative arguments from a large panel of industrial and academic experts from Europe, North America, and Asia. The book describes each of the 24 projections in detail, offering current case study examples and related research, as well as implications for policymakers, firms, and individuals. The empirical results also allowed us to build scenarios for the most probable future along the dimensions of governance, organization, capabilities, and interfaces from both a company-internal and an external (network) perspective.

Dieses Buch ist eine Open Access Publikation.Der lange gehegte Traum von kunstlicher Intelligenz (KI) wird in unserer Alltagswelt zunehmend Realitat. Damit verbinden sich hohe gesellschaftliche Erwartungen, aber auch Sorgen hinsichtlich einer schleichenden Entmundigung des Menschen. Am Beispiel des Forschungssektors lotet dieser Band die Optionen, Entwicklungschancen und Risiken von KI-Techniken fur die Zukunft des wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisprozesses und der darauf beruhenden technischen Entwicklungen aus. Zu diesem Zweck wird zunachst der Stand der KI-Technik und ihrer Anwendungen dargestellt. Es folgen wissenschaftsphilosophische Untersuchungen zur Frage der Ersetzbarkeit des forschenden Menschen durch KI und zu erwartenden Veranderungen in der wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Weitere Abschnitte widmen sich den Folgen fur die Arbeitswelt von Forschern/Forscherinnen sowie den durch KI erzeugten neuen Herausforderungen fur die rechtliche Regulierung im Spannungsfeld von Wissenschaftsfreiheit und Datenschutz. Der Band schliesst mit Empfehlungen fur die verantwortlichen Akteure in Wissenschaft, Forschungspolitik und Gesellschaft aus interdisziplinarer Perspektive.

Teleoperation systems are designed to allow their user(s) to perform manipulation tasks in a remote environment. Human work performance with modern teleoperation systems is prone to handling errors, damage to equipment and slow work performance. Haptic interfaces, which transmit tactile information to the user of these systems, promise to address these problems. The present work closely examines the principles of human-machine interaction with haptic interfaces, discusses previous research efforts and presents new evidence. Furthermore, a synthesis of empirical evidence is presented from which transparent guidelines for the design and effective use of haptic interfaces are derived. These are combined with previously established guidelines on the design of multi-modal interfaces in form of an interactive software package, the "Human-Machine Interface Design Guide."